The minimum allowable temperature in the apartment. The air temperature in the apartment in winter and the responsibility of the management company to ensure the temperature regime. The importance of maintaining a comfortable temperature

Maybe Russia is a cold country, but our apartments are warmer than in many European countries. Because there is central heating, subsidized by the state, and the British, Germans, French, deprived of this luxury, are forced to save and temper at the same time. It's in theory. But what about in practice? Is it good for you to heat and what to do if not?

Heating norms

Since central heating is a matter of state concern, the norms for heating in an apartment are determined centrally. GOST 30494-2011 says that during the heating season, the temperature in living rooms, kitchens and bathrooms should not fall below 18 ° C. In cold regions, such as Yakutia or the Khabarovsk Territory, the temperature for living rooms is set from 20 ° C, and for the kitchen and bathroom - from 18 ° C.

From midnight to five o'clock in the morning, a decrease in the indicated norms by 3 ° C is allowed. During sleep, the human body needs less heat, and heating providers are legitimately taking advantage of this to save money.

If the specified GOST is a reference book for designers of engineering systems, then all public utilities, without exception, compare hours and degrees with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 of 05/06/2011. It, in particular, establishes the beginning of the heating season. Batteries should be turned on on the sixth day after the temperature outside the window drops below 8°C. By the way, the rule of eight also works in the opposite direction: as soon as the spring air reaches an average daily mark of 8 ° C and is able to maintain positions for five days in a row, the batteries will be turned off.

Often, the specified framework of the heating period runs counter to our personal comfort. Almost every autumn, communal services are bombarded with demands to turn on the heating in apartments earlier than planned, but they have every right to reject these demands, until, of course, the day specified by the Decree arrives.

How is the heating of apartment buildings

The heat that goes into our homes is generated at CHP or boiler houses. There, the water is heated to be piped into the houses. It must get to the batteries hot, so it must be very hot. Every schoolchild knows that water will boil at 100°C, but this does not happen with water in heating pipes.

A pressure of 7-8 atmospheres is created in the heat supply pipes, which raises the boiling point of water to 160-170°C.

There are different schemes for distributing the heat carrier (this is how official documents call water in pipes and radiators) coming from the CHP. In the most common, so-called independent heat supply scheme, water does not go directly to the apartments. First, it is sent to a heating point located in the basement of a high-rise building, where it passes through a heat exchanger and cools down to a temperature acceptable for supply to the rooms. The water in the radiators should not be too hot - it is simply dangerous.

After passing through the radiators inside the house, the coolant, which has already cooled down by 25-35 ° C, returns to the same heating point - to heat up again and get into our homes.

Temperature in radiators

The only norm relating directly to heating batteries in an apartment building is the maximum temperature of the coolant. It should not exceed 95°C for two-pipe systems and 105°C for one-pipe systems. Finding out which system is installed in your apartment is easy: look at your radiator and count how many pipes are connected to it. Two-pipe systems are more widespread - they are more efficient and economical.

The lower limit of water temperature in heating batteries is not officially fixed in any way. The only rule: batteries must provide the temperature standard established by GOST 30494-2011 in the rooms. It is clear, however, that if the batteries themselves are slightly warm, then they will not be able to heat the room to the 18 ° C required by GOST. Just a very, very small room.

What to measure and how to measure

So, the desired hour has come, and the heating season has begun, but the apartment is still cold. How to proceed?

The first step is to measure the heating in the apartment. In other words, measure the temperature in the rooms and compare it with the GOST standards indicated above (and listed in detail) to make sure that poor heating in the apartment is a reality, and not your individual feelings.

If you have a base station, then you will see the exact air temperature in the form of a graph in your mobile application or web interface.

If all measurements comply with the rules, it is useless to complain, utilities will simply refer to the same GOST. You will have to insulate yourself.

However, if the measurements taken indicate that the heating temperature in the apartment does not correspond to the norm, then there are several options.

First you need to determine the cause of thermal problems.
Here is a short list of the most common:

1. Cork in batteries
Batteries can be cold due to the accumulation of air in the pipes - the so-called air locks. They prevent the water from circulating as expected and proper heating in the apartment is disrupted. The plug can be removed by yourself by opening a special valve or, as it is also called, the Mayevsky tap. It is usually located near the top corner of the radiator. Be careful, and if you are not sure that you can fix the heating yourself, then it is better to seek help from a specialist.

2. Large heat loss of the apartment
A common problem in older homes is that the batteries are scalding hot, but still cold. It is useless to appeal to public utilities, you need to take care of thermal insulation on your own. Just don't get too carried away with sealing, because curing one can cripple the other. In particular, it often suffers from excessive warming measures. When installing airtight windows and filling cracks in the walls, think about how your rooms are.

3. Bad heat
If the two previous reasons are shallow, then only one remains: public utilities neglect their duties. The consequences, again, are regulated: in accordance with the aforementioned Decree, you have the right to compensation for the payment of heat supply, and the relevant services are obliged to correct the shortcomings.

5/5 (21)

According to GOST R 51617-2000 “Housing and communal services. General technical conditions”, the norm of the temperature regime during the heating season should be within 18-25°С. Moreover, for each individual room, its own standard is set.

In the living room, this indicator should not be lower than 18 ° C (deviations from the norm within 3 degrees are permissible only at night from 0.00 to 5.00) and higher than 24 ° C, and in the bathroom - not lower than 25 ° C. The minimum temperature in a corner apartment is 20°C. For the landing at the entrance of a residential apartment building, a heat norm is provided in the range of 14-20 ° C, and for an inter-apartment corridor - from 16 to 22 ° C. Temperatures below 4°C are not allowed in attics and basements of MKD.

Room temperature standards

The fixed norm of temperature regimes for premises in which people live in the winter period is “GOST R 51617 - 2000. Housing and communal services. General technical conditions".

This GOST speaks of compliance with the temperature regime in the range from 18 to 25 degrees. According to this range, the temperature regime for rooms in a residential area is fixed.

In other words, the air temperature in the room should be 18 degrees or more, and in the bathroom the thermometer should show at least 25 degrees Celsius. The difference to the smaller side can only be at night (0-00 - 05-00) and not more than 3 degrees Celsius.

In SanPiN, the maximum temperature indicator is also fixed. So, in the living room, the temperature should not be higher than 24 degrees Celsius. The lowest temperature indicator of an apartment, which is located in the corner of an apartment building, must be at least 20 degrees.

On the staircase of the entrance, the temperature is fixed in the range 14 to 20 degrees, and in the corridor between the apartments - from 16 to 22 degrees Celsius.

The most volumetric temperature indicators for all types of premises are enshrined in the Sanitary Rules and Norms.

In production where people work, the air temperature in the room should be from 16 to 24 degrees Celsius in accordance with the energy consumption of work activities.

On technical floors and in the basements of apartment buildings, the air temperature should not be below 4 degrees Celsius.

ATTENTION! Look at the completed sample application to the Criminal Code for measuring the temperature in the apartment:

Factors affecting the air temperature in housing

The temperature readings in the living room are influenced by various factors, namely external ones.

They differ depending on:

interruptions in heating supply;
natural features;
time of year;
location of the apartment.

The period of the heating season directly depends on the place where the owners of residential premises live. For example, in northern regions, the heating season schedule will differ from southern latitudes.

Even natural factors such as atmospheric pressure and air humidity can affect the temperature in a living space.

At the onset of another season, the temperature regime in residential premises changes. In the cold season, the temperature will be lower, and in the summer season - higher.

At the end of the heating season, the heat supply stops and the heating systems become cold, respectively, the air temperature in the living quarters drops.

In central Russia, the normal value in the cold season is 22 degrees Celsius, and in the summer - 25. The difference is only 3 degrees Celsius, but it is of great importance for citizens who live in residential premises.

Heating season dates

The beginning of the heating season is set independently in the case of individual heating equipment, and in case of centralized heating by local authorities in accordance with certain conditions.

According to the established rules, the heating season begins when the average air temperature for a certain period of time is below 8 degrees Celsius, namely for 5 days in a row, and the heating season ends when the average daily temperature is above 8 degrees Celsius.

How to measure the temperature in the apartment during the heating season

Before measuring the air temperature in the room, take some measures to identify negative conditions:

do not measure the room temperature on a clear sunny day, otherwise the measurement readings will be incorrect due to the fact that the room will be additionally heated by the sun's rays;
make sure that the room where the measurement will be taken has been insulated and there are no causes of heat leakage.

Be sure to measure the air temperature in at least 2 rooms. One-room apartments do not fall under this criterion, where the window occupies 30% of the wall area.

Measurements must be made at a distance of 50 centimeters from the outer wall and from heating radiators, and the measurement height must correspond to 60 centimeters.

If, as a result of your temperature measurement, it was revealed that the measured temperature differs from the norm, inform the emergency dispatch service about this.

In the case when the deviation of the temperature regime in the heat supply is associated with non-natural events (an accident on the heating main), an employee of the dispatch service sends a repair team to the call and draws up a measurement report.

The measurement is carried out by a registered device, which must include all the necessary documents:

date and place of compilation;
description of the dwelling;
officials who are members of the commission;
device information;
instrument readings;
signatures of all committee members.

The executed document must be drawn up in at least two copies, one for the parties: the owner of the dwelling and for the organization conducting the measurement.

ATTENTION! View the completed sample of the act of checking the temperature regime:

Watch the video. What should be the temperature in the apartment during the heating season:

Normative indicators of the frequency of air exchange

The temperature readings of the air in a residential area are not the only criterion that affects the comfortable and safe stay of citizens in a residential area.

An important factor is the exchange of air in the room, namely the possibility of access to fresh air, ventilation of the room.

Such parameters are also enshrined in the law and are contained in SanPiN. The required air exchange rate in a residential area of 18 square meters will be equal to 3 cubic meters per hour per square meter, and for the kitchen this parameter should be three times more.

The air exchange rate is the ratio of the air output and supply from the dwelling per hour to the volume of this dwelling.

How to measure the coolant

The heat carrier in the heating system is hot water supplied to the dwelling. There are many ways to measure hot water, and the most common is with a thermometer, to do this, draw hot water from the tap into a container and take a measurement.

Another way is to measure the temperature of the pipes in the heating system. Thermometer readings should correspond to 50-70 degrees.

Responsibility of utilities for violation of the temperature standard

It is worth talking about the regulatory legal documents “Rules and norms for the technical operation of the housing stock”, section two says that it is the responsibility of utilities to maintain communication systems in residential facilities.

Its activities include carrying out activities aimed at ensuring the satisfactory functioning of the heating system, as well as sewerage and water supply.

Such a norm is enshrined in the Decree of the Gosstroy of the Russian Federation No. 170 of September 27, 2003. So, if your house is under the control of housing and communal services, then send questions regarding the satisfactory operation of the heating system there.

The institution that maintains your home is responsible for compliance with the temperature regime of residential premises, enshrined in SanPiN.

The powers of the housing and communal services also include duties to control the temperature regime in the coolant (hot water outlet - return).

The duties of the housing and communal services should also include such issues as:

assessment of the state of engineering networks;
carrying out work in accordance with the regulations, which are aimed at identifying defects in the common property of an apartment building by fixed norms, etc.

Attention! During the inspection, it is necessary to draw up an act that reflects all technical malfunctions, indicating the date and measures taken to eliminate defects.

According to the inspection certificates, the owners of residential premises have the right to make a decision in which some problems of thermal communications are identified, enshrined in SNiPs, and to claim requirements to eliminate these problems.

The drawn up acts have full legal force and can be used as evidence in various instances.

The inspection of the central heating system should be carried out by a specialist who is obliged, in case of a malfunction, to take measures to eliminate it, and also to prevent cases of excessive heat consumption in an apartment building.

Attention! Our qualified lawyers will assist you free of charge and around the clock on any issues. Learn more

This inspection must be carried out at intervals of once a calendar year. During such an inspection, shortcomings should be identified and appropriate work should be carried out to eliminate them, then the apartment building should be prepared for the heating season.

Based on the foregoing, it can be concluded that the management company, which is entrusted with these responsibilities, will be responsible for the work carried out in the apartment building and the preparatory activities.

In the event of interruptions in the operation of the heating system, the energy company immediately comes into view, which is entrusted with the responsibility of supplying hot water to apartment buildings.

The company that supplies heat to apartment buildings is only responsible for the temperature of the coolant, because it must comply with the established standards, and for the corresponding pressure in the heating main.

The energy company is responsible for the operation of the thermal main networks to the point of connection of the apartment building. After the connection point, all responsibility falls on the shoulders of the management company.
There are cases when heating the coolant is not suitable for heating an apartment building, there may be interruptions in connecting the central heating at the agreed time.

In this case, the energy company that supplies the coolant to the apartment building will be responsible for such interruptions.

The legislation clearly enshrines the right of citizens to reduce payment for the supplied heat in the amount of 0.15% for each hour of non-compliance with the temperature regime that the housing and communal services do not comply with.

If you carefully calculate, then for a month of heat supply of inadequate quality, payment for it should be less than 10% of the total cost of the service. Of course, if public utilities are against this action, go to court.

What needs to be done and where to send your appeal in case of intermittent operation of the heating system?

Who is responsible for poor-quality heating in an apartment building, we already have an idea. So what to do in the case when the complaint did not lead to the expected result, and the heat continues to flow intermittently, and the situation is not expected to change for the better.

Sequencing:

find out the telephone numbers of the emergency services of the housing and communal services of the district, city;
send a complaint to the state bodies of the Housing Inspectorate;
send a claim to the local company that supplies heat;
send a complaint to Rospotrebnadzor;
contact local authorities;
send a complaint to the Antimonopoly Service, in whose department the energy company and the water utility are located;
submit information to the media;
file a claim with the court against the utilities and the heat and power company.

ATTENTION! View the completed sample application for the recalculation of heating fees:

Heat / Heating batteries

Problems with heating during the heating season and the cold in the apartment can be a reason to go to court. By law, batteries must warm the room no lower than the temperature established by special regulations.

What should be the temperature in the apartment? Legal requirements

The temperature in the residential premises of an apartment building is determined by the "Rules for the provision of public services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings", as well as "GOST R 51617-2000. State standard of the Russian Federation. Housing and communal services. General technical conditions.»

The "Rules for the provision of public services" states that in residential premises the temperature should not be lower than +18 ° C (in corner rooms - +20 ° C). And in areas with the temperature of the coldest five-day period of -31 ° C and below, the air temperature in residential premises should not be lower than +20 ° C (in corner rooms - +22 ° C).

At night (from 00:00 to 05:00) the air temperature in the apartment can drop by no more than 4 °C. In the daytime, the decrease in temperature below the standard level is not allowed.

At the same time, GOST R 51617-2000 (State standard of the Russian Federation. Housing and communal services. General specifications. approved Decree of the State Standard of Russia dated June 19, 2000 N 158-st) establishes a minimum level of air temperature for certain types of premises in an apartment.

room	Air temperature in rooms during the cold season, °C
Living room of an apartment or hostel	18 (20 )
The same, in areas with the temperature of the coldest five-day period (security 0.92) minus 31 °C and below	20 (22 )
Kitchen of the apartment and hostel, cube:	18
Drying cabinet for clothes and shoes in the apartment	-
Bathroom	25
Restroom individual	18
Combined restroom and bathroom	25
The same, with individual heating	18
Washroom	18
Shared shower room	25
Common restroom	16
Dressing room for cleaning and ironing clothes, washroom in the hostel	18
Vestibule, common corridor, anteroom in the apartment building, stairwell	16
Lobby, common corridor, stairwell in the hostel	18
Laundry room	15
Ironing, drying room in hostels	15
Storerooms for storing personal belongings, sports equipment; household and linen in the hostel	12
Isolation room in the hostel	20
Elevator machine room	5
Garbage chamber	5

Notes: In the corner rooms of apartments and dormitories, the air temperature should be 2 °C higher than the specified

How to measure the temperature of the air in your apartment?

The current "Rules for the provision of public services" explain the situation as follows:

... Measurement of air temperature in residential premises is carried out in a room (if there are several rooms, in the largest living room), in the center of the planes 0.5 m away from the inner surface of the outer wall and the heating element and in the center of the room (the intersection point of the diagonal lines of the room) at a height of 1 m. In this case, the measuring instruments must comply with the requirements of the standards (GOST 30494-96) ...

What to do if the temperature in your apartment drops below normal?

If you find that your apartment is colder than required by law, you must notify your emergency dispatch service. The application can be made both in writing and orally (by phone call).

The duty officer is obliged to register your application and set the time for the verification.

The time for the inspection is appointed no later than 2 hours from the moment the consumer receives a message about the violation of the quality of the utility service, unless a different time is agreed with the consumer.

Upon completion of the audit, an audit report is drawn up. If during its course the fact of a violation of the quality of the utility service is established, then the inspection report indicates the date and time of the inspection, the identified violations of the quality parameters of the utility service, the methods (tools) used during the inspection to identify such violations, conclusions about the date and time of the beginning of the violation of the quality of the utility services.

Cold in the apartment: what compensation can you expect?

If no one comes to you, or comes, the acts are signed, but nothing changes, then you have a natural desire to influence the situation in more radical ways.

Before proceeding to consider possible methods of influencing public utilities, let's clarify what obligations the current legislation imposes on a heat supplier to a residential building.

The requirements for an allowable interruption in the heat supply are formulated as follows (for details, see Rules for the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings, Appendix 1, Section VI):

no more than 24 hours (in total) within 1 month;
no more than 16 hours at a time - at an air temperature in residential premises from + 12 ° C to the standard temperature indicated in the table above;
no more than 8 hours at a time - at an air temperature in residential premises from + 10 ° С to + 12 ° С;
no more than 4 hours at a time - at an air temperature in residential premises from + 8 ° С to + 10 ° С

The responsibility of public utilities for violations of these requirements is as follows:

for each hour of exceeding the permissible duration of a heating break, calculated in total for the billing period in which the specified excess occurred, the amount of the utility service fee for such a billing period is reduced by 0.15% of the fee determined for such a billing period.

Well, what if heat is supplied to the apartment, but the batteries do not heat the room? In this case, the following requirements are set:

permissible decrease in the standard temperature at night (from 0.00 to 5.00 hours) - no more than 3 ° C from the level indicated above;
decrease in air temperature in the living room during the daytime (from 5.00 to 0.00 hours) is not allowed

Responsibility for violation of these rules is established as follows:

for each hour of deviation in the air temperature in the residential premises in total during the billing period in which the specified deviation occurred, the amount of the utility service fee for such a billing period is reduced by 0.15% of the fee determined for such a billing period for each degree of temperature deviation.

Thus, the current legislation allows:

In case of disconnection of your batteries for each hour in excess of the permitted duration of disconnection of batteries (the terms are indicated above), collect 0.15% of the monthly (this is our settlement period) payment for heat
If the apartment is cold, but the batteries still heat, then you can demand a reduction in the monthly heating fee by 0.15% for every hour when the temperature was below the standard.

The recalculation can be a significant amount. Let's count.

Suppose you pay about 3,000 rubles a month for heating your apartment in winter. You are tired of constantly freezing and, say, on December 3, you drew up an act stating that the temperature in your apartment does not exceed 15 degrees Celsius (determined based on the temperature in the largest room in terms of area).

However, within a month there was no response from the public utilities. The house is still cold. What will be the recalculation?

We take 27 days following the drawing up of the act. It will be 648 hours. We multiply this number of hours by 0.15%, we get a figure of 97.2%. For this amount, you must recalculate. It turns out - that you are actually not obliged to pay for heating if this service is not provided with high quality.

Naturally, no one will return this money to you voluntarily. You have to go to court.

What are the chances of winning a lawsuit about cold batteries in an apartment?

There are precedents that residents managed to achieve a recalculation of heating fees due to the cold in the apartment.

In particular, in 2014, in several court instances, a resident of the Perm Territory managed to recover from 136,000 rubles in favor for the low temperature in a residential building.

According to Rossiyskaya Gazeta, a resident of Gubakha, Natalia Alekseeva (surname changed), filed a lawsuit against the local management company in the spring of 2014, demanding 350,000 rubles from public utilities. She substantiated her statement by the fact that during the heating season of 2012-2013, as well as in the winter of next year, the temperature in her apartment did not rise above 15 degrees. Meanwhile, according to the rules for the provision of public services, the air in residential premises should be warmed up to 18 degrees, and in corner rooms - up to 20.

Alekseeva invited employees of the Criminal Code to take her temperature. In total, such measurements were made ten times. And never once did they fit the bill. The plaintiff even noted in her statement to the court that because of the cold in the apartment she fell ill, and listed several diseases that brought her to the hospital.

Alekseeva did not stop complaining to various authorities, district and regional, trying to achieve a recalculation of utility bills. And in 2013, she even refused to pay for heating, believing that the money was taken from her unreasonably. The case then reached the world court, which issued an order to recover 31 thousand rubles of debt from Alekseeva. But this decision was overturned, as she was able to prove the improper provision of a service such as heating.

As a result, all attempts to resolve the problem peacefully failed. Claims with a request to recalculate the payment for heat were rejected. No compensation was offered to the woman. And then she went to court.

At the trial, representatives of the management company completely denied their involvement in the low temperatures in Alekseeva's apartment. They stated that there is no contract between them for the provision of such a service as heating, and the money for it does not go to their cash desk. Therefore, they did not recognize the demands made.

However, the Gubakhinsky City Court decided otherwise. The fact is that according to the management agreement for the apartment building where Alekseeva lives, the management company is obliged to provide services for water supply, sanitation and heating. According to the same document, payment for them should be made directly to resource-supplying organizations.

The management company, in addition, has an agreement with the local housing and communal services department on the supply of thermal energy. It states that this resource is intended for heating residential buildings, and the air temperature in them must comply with the standards.

Therefore, the court recognized Alekseeva's demands as legitimate, and all the objections of the Criminal Code as unfounded. The absence of a heating contract between them does not play any role, since this obligation of the communal organization is indicated in the contract for the management of an apartment building.

Taking into account that the management company could no longer argue the fact of poor-quality heat supply, the court granted the plaintiff's demands for the recovery of money. At the same time, Alekseeva is obliged to return 77 thousand rubles as a recalculation, in addition, a fine of half this amount and 20 thousand rubles as compensation for non-pecuniary damage. Total 136 thousand.

The microclimate in the apartment is determined by many factors. This includes air temperature. The word temperature is of Latin origin and means "normal state". Approximately normal room temperature according to scientific calculations is from 20 to 25 degrees Celsius. But, of course, the main requirement for it is to be comfortable for people living in the apartment. In addition, the temperature regime in the house may depend on numerous nuances. It is worth considering them to create a comfortable atmosphere in your home.

Factors influencing the temperature in the apartment

First of all, let's take into account the external factors that affect the temperature in the apartment. So, room temperature may vary due to:

General climatic terrain features;
change season;
Age and preference tenants;
Features concrete premises.

How the amount of allocated energy allocated for heating is measured is explained in this article:

Climatic features

The norm of the temperature regime in the room varies for each specific area. So, for example, she will different for northern and southern regions, for east and west. For African countries, it will be one, and for Asian or, for example, European, another.

The climate of different countries is different. And climate is not just temperature. This concept also includes the humidity in the apartment and outside, as well as atmospheric pressure. The combination of these factors affects the determination of the norm of air temperature in the room. As a rule, in hotter countries with high air humidity, the temperature standards for residential premises are higher than for northern countries with a cold climate.

Change of season

Depending on the change of season, the temperature in the apartment may also vary. For example, in winter it will not be too high, and in summer it will grow accordingly. On average, for the European climate, an acceptable temperature in the cold season 19-22 degrees Celsius, and in a roast 22−25. The difference at first glance seems insignificant, but begins to matter with constant exposure.

Human factor

The main purpose of temperature control in an apartment is to create a comfort zone for the people living in it. Someone feels comfortable in the heat and does not think about buying an air conditioner, while someone lives in the cold with the windows open. However, do not forget that human preferences do not always correspond to the correct temperature regime. Overheating of the room, as well as its excessive hypothermia, can be extremely adversely affect human health.

Be sure to take into account the difference in temperature norms for people of different sex and age. For example, comfortable temperature differs for men and women by about by 2-3 degrees. Women are more thermophilic than men.

Particular attention must be paid to the temperature in the apartment where he lives Small child. For example, a baby has not yet developed thermoregulation of the body, so it is very sensitive to temperature changes, quickly freezes and overheats. Therefore, the temperature in the children's room must be stable. On average, it is 20-23 degrees Celsius.

Temperature for each room

Depending on what functionality this or that room performs in the apartment, the norm of the temperature regime changes.

You should also not forget that there should not be too much temperature difference in different rooms. A difference of 2-3 degrees is considered ideal, so that when moving around the apartment, a person does not feel the difference.

The temperature in the apartment regulated by one of the GOSTs, as well as the rules for the provision of public services. It is noteworthy that this norm has only a lower temperature threshold of 18 ° C, but it does not have a higher one. That is, the highest standard must be set by ourselves, based on their own preferences and focusing on research in this area.

There is also a table that shows the recommended norms for indoor air temperature for housing, as well as the speed of movement and air humidity.

Despite personal preferences, the temperature norm should still be adhered to at least minimally. This is especially true during the periods of summer and winter, when the temperature in the apartment and on the street are radically different. Therefore, going out into the street and returning home, we constantly exposed to temperature fluctuations. First of all, it is worth considering that the difference between the air temperature inside the apartment and outside should not exceed 4-5 degrees. Failure to do this leads to the fact that the body receives a certain stress. Having, for example, cardiac problems can cause a heart attack. Also, non-compliance with the temperature regime can lead to overheating or hypothermia of the body. Both conditions have dangerous consequences, about which it is worth saying a few more words.

Overheating of the body

Excessively hot atmosphere in the apartment creates conditions favorable for the reproduction of all kinds of bacteria. As a result, we get infectious diseases in a seemingly inappropriate hot season.

First of all, overheating has a detrimental effect on the heart. In conditions of excessive heat, the human body begins to lose moisture, the blood begins to thicken and, accordingly, the heart need to work hard to distill the blood. This can be a serious problem for people with cardiovascular disease.

Also, overheating the body is dangerous. dehydration, because, trying to maintain a balance of external and internal heat, we begin to sweat and, accordingly, lose moisture. Without replenishing it from the outside, we get dehydration of the body, which can lead to serious violations of the water and electrolyte balance and the nervous system.

To maintain the optimum temperature in winter, it is necessary to choose high-quality heating radiators:

Hypothermia of the body

Hypothermia, in medicine hypothermia" is extremely dangerous for human health. Hypothermia affects the entire human body as a whole and can cause serious illness.

With a decrease in temperature, the heat transfer of the body increases; with its prolonged low impact, the body does not have time to compensate for heat losses and maintain a normal temperature. Decreased body temperature is below 36 degrees Celsius.

Hypothermia of the body can cause acute respiratory diseases, as well as diseases of the nervous system. Hypothermia is especially dangerous in little children, since their body does not have adult heat dissipation and therefore cools much faster and suffers more from it.

Summarizing the above, it is worth noting that the ambient temperature has a significant impact on human health. She might like to help him carry on body hardening and vice versa can create conditions for the exacerbation of chronic and the acquisition of new diseases.

That is why you should carefully consider maintaining a comfortable temperature in the apartment. This will be easy to do by following the above recommendations.

What temperature should be in the apartment is controlled at the state level.

The norms, detailed in the laws, must be provided by management companies. If they fail to do so, they face severe penalties.

The Housing Code of the Russian Federation establishes criteria for the quality of services in.
Federal Law No. 190-FZ of July 27, 2010 “On Heat Supply” regulates relations in the field of heating residential buildings.
Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 05/06/2011 No. 354 "On the provision of utilities to owners and users of residential premises in apartment buildings" in Appendix 1 lists the requirements for the quality of heat supply (allowable breaks, conditions and procedure for changing fees, air temperature standards).
Decree of the Gosstroy of the Russian Federation of September 27, 2003 No. 170 “On approval of the rules and norms for the technical operation of the housing stock” describes the requirements for the maintenance of common property. Paragraph 4.10.2.1 obliges the Criminal Code to control the air temperature in residential buildings.
SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for living conditions in residential buildings and premises. Rules and regulations” in Appendix 2 contains temperature indicators for rooms in the apartment.
SNiP 23-02-2003 “Thermal protection of buildings. Updated edition” fixes the requirements for the temperature of the outer walls and floor.

What should be the norm t in the heating season

SanPiN established requirements for the temperature regime in the cold and warm seasons. In winter, the standards are as follows (see table).

The construction features of apartment buildings, the deterioration of communications lead to the fact that the first, last floors are colder than others. Moreover, when residents complain to the Criminal Code about inconsistencies, these features (cold basement, attic) justify non-compliance with the temperature regime. This is absolutely illegal.

The norms of the heating season established by the state apply to residential premises, regardless of location, floor. Temperature indicators below the permissible ones are unacceptable, but they can be above the specified level, but not more than 4 degrees.

There is a requirement to install special heating systems for uniform distribution of heat in the floors of the first floors. The owners should not be influenced by whether they have a brick house or a panel one.

IMPORTANT! Utilities are required to maintain acceptable temperature limits in all apartments that are charged for maintenance.

The law sets the bar for the optimal room temperature, but everyone will have their own comfortable one. Objectively, the feeling of comfort at certain temperatures depends on factors:

The age of the person. Infants, the elderly are more thermophilic, for them it is necessary to maintain a temperature level above average.
Floor. Usually women prefer to be in warmer rooms than men.
Individual characteristics. Someone likes coolness, for someone comfort lies in warmth.

When the UK maintains the regime at the proper level in houses, it will not be difficult to create comfortable conditions and adjust the temperature by a couple of degrees. To do this, there are numerous climate control systems, air conditioners, heaters.

Air temperature standards according to GOST

The temperature parameters of residential premises are regulated by the normative act - SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10, GOST R 51617-2000 Housing and communal services and general technical conditions, which regulates the temperature regime of rooms from 18 ° C in winter, from 20 ° C - in summer. There is a standard in Government Decree No. 354 on corner rooms and cold regions, where a different acceptable standard is adopted.

The normative air temperature in residential premises is set not lower than +18°С (in corner rooms +22°С), in areas with the coldest five-day period (security 0.92) -31°С and below, the temperature regime is set to +20°С ( in corner rooms +22°С). Failure to comply with the normative, rather than comfortable, thermal regime is considered a violation.

In corner apartments

Previously, GOST did establish special rules for corner apartments - 2 degrees higher than usual. To date, the temperature regime is established and regulated by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 6, 2011 No. 354.

External walls

The creators of SNiP 23-02-2003 believe that the temperature difference between the internal air and the outside surface should be no more than 4 degrees. That is, if the minimum limit for a dwelling is 18 ° C, then the wall should not be colder than 14 on average.

When this rule is violated, it can be concluded that the house is not sufficiently insulated, perhaps the seams need to be updated. This should be taken care of by the management company serving the building.

Floor

In accordance with SNiP, the temperature of the floor surface in residential premises must be at least 16 ° C (as a rule, it exceeds the minimum allowable and ranges from 18 to 20 ° C.).

SNiP 41-01.2003 establishes the normal temperature for heated floors:

26 °C for rooms where people are constantly;
31 °C for rooms where people stay temporarily.

Where to go

Small deviations from the norm may go unnoticed, but if the tenants are constantly freezing in the apartment, this indicates a violation of obligations on the part of the public utilities. Especially when heating and maintenance fees are charged in full. Then you need to complain about the poor maintenance of the house.

If t is below the allowable

If it is cold at home, the temperature is recorded below the standard in autumn or winter, you need to inform the emergency dispatch service about this. A complaint is written to the head of the Criminal Code, where claims are listed, the air temperature in the living rooms, kitchen, bathroom is indicated, and a requirement is made to bring it into line with the standards.

The CC has 30 days to respond. During this period, utilities must find out which of them is responsible for the cooling of the house. If the heating network, at the point of delimitation of the balance sheet, is not hot enough, then this is a question of the resource supply organization that heats the room. If heat is lost in the house, then the management company should solve the problem.

ADVICE! It is better to make a collective complaint from the residents of the entrance or house.

If the wall freezes

When it is so cold that the end walls freeze through, you need to act quickly. It is necessary to contact the head of the management company with a claim, where to describe the problem, demand to insulate the wall, thereby restoring the temperature balance. At the same time, call a representative of the Criminal Code, draw up and receive an act on the freezing of the wall.

If, after the due date, the Criminal Code does not take action, it will be necessary to involve state authorities in solving the problem:

The State Housing Inspectorate is an executive body that controls the activities of public utilities. The inspectors initiate an inspection, make a presentation on the elimination of violations, and impose a fine on the service organization.
Rospotrebnadzor is a multidisciplinary organization, which specializes in the described situation. Failure of the Criminal Code to fulfill the terms of the contract, combined with the risk of increasing humidity, the spread of mold, fungus from a frozen wall is the competence of this service. Employees after checking the activities of the Criminal Code will be obliged to bring the house to the requirements of the law, if there are grounds, they will fine the management.
The prosecutor's office is a supervisory authority, whose employees begin checking a legal entity only if there have been appeals to previous organizations. Or address the complaint of residents to the competent authorities to resolve the issue.
The court is the last step that is taken if other state structures are powerless or if material and moral damage needs to be compensated.

The document is drawn up in a standard manner. Several methods of delivery to their addressee are allowed. You can bring it yourself, register two copies, keep one for yourself as evidence. Complaints are also sent by registered mail with notification or online through the website of the State Service.

What are the responsibilities of utilities?

The degree of responsibility of the Criminal Code depends on the severity of the misconduct, the consequences.

If the utilities immediately respond to the complaint, eliminate the violations, there will be no consequences. When residents have to involve public authorities, punishment is inevitable. The easiest thing is administrative responsibility, a fine.

If the owners' property is damaged, their health is affected, they can attribute this to the low temperature of the house and there is an evidence base for this, then civil legal proceedings and compensation for damage cannot be avoided.

When the consequences are severe, sanctions are possible up to criminal ones.

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