Danger of used oil and methods of its processing. Waste oil products are dangerous carcinogens Harm from burning used engine oil

When using used oils for heating a private house, an eternal problem arises - preliminary preparation of fuel, purification from impurities and water. The Babington burner, which burns mining and other liquid fuels of any quality, will help simplify the task. Since its design and principle of operation is of considerable interest, we will consider these issues in this material. At the same time, we will tell you how to make an “omnivorous” oil burner with your own hands.

The principle of operation of the Babington burner

A few words about the history of the invention. The considered method of burning heavy fractions of liquid fuel appeared relatively recently - in the middle of the last century. More specifically, inventor R.S. Babington patented his diesel burner in 1969. However, the patent expired long ago and now her device is available to everyone interested.

Babington's invention is fundamentally different from traditional oil burners, where a mixture of air and fuel is injected by a pressurized nozzle:

1. Mining or diesel is supplied from the tank by a low-capacity pump.
2. Fuel drips onto the working surface - spherical or inclined. On it, the fuel flows down, forming a thin film.
3. In the center of this surface, a hole of small diameter (no more than 0.3 mm) was made, through which the compressor pumps compressed air.
4. The waste oil Babington burner works on the following principle: a stream of compressed air exiting through a small pressurized orifice tears off part of the oil film from the surface.
5. As a result, we obtain a jet of air-fuel mixture, which, after ignition, forms a stable flame. It is sent to the furnace or boiler furnace, heating the walls of the chamber or the water jacket. The figure below shows the operation of the burner:

Since part of the fuel flows past the hole, a drain is organized back into the tank

It is clearly seen here that the unburned residues of used oil drain from the hemisphere into a special container, and from there back to the main tank. From it, the fuel is supplied for combustion already under low pressure, and it is preheated for liquefaction. As you can see, no filter elements are provided by the design.

Preheating used oil or diesel fuel before burning with a Babington burner is very important and here is why:

1. The heated mining liquefies and forms a thinner film on the working surface, which is well sprayed by the air flow. This contributes to more efficient combustion.
2. The finer the droplets of liquid fuel suspended in the jet, the easier it is to ignite the boiler or Babington furnace in manual / automatic mode.

Reference. Finding and buying a factory-made Babington burner is unrealistic. Well-known manufacturers of oil and diesel units, such as KROLL or EURONORD, do not produce them. There is only one way out - to order a burner to a good master or to make it yourself.

Pros and Cons of a Babington Burner

The peculiarity of this type of burner devices is that their positive and negative sides balance each other. As you might have guessed, the main advantage is the use of heavy liquid fuels of any quality. Even with a large amount of impurities in the used oil, a homemade air-pressurized burner will function properly (unlike).

Not a hindrance and the presence of water or automotive antifreeze in the waste (within reasonable limits), although small failures can occur. The fact is that the surface tension of water is higher than that of liquid hydrocarbons. Accordingly, the film from the waste is more easily removed from the working surface under the influence of air blowing in the Babington burner. If there is some water in the oil, then the latter practically does not enter the combustion zone, but flows down into the sump.

Advice. It is still not worth abusing the "omnivorous" burner device. It is better to run mining through a coarse mesh filter before use.

Another pleasant fact for the user is the large selection of liquid fuels used. True, when switching from one to another, you will have to reconfigure the burner according to the dosage of fuel and air. Here is a list of these types:

• waste oils and fuels and lubricants of any origin and viscosity - from cars, machine tools and other machines and mechanisms;
• diesel fuel and biodiesel;
• fresh, old and burnt vegetable oils;
• fuel oil;
• light heating oil, kerosene.

Waste oil is preheated in a tube encircling the burner body

Now about the shortcomings, of which there are also enough:

1. The Babington oil burner is a relatively simple device. But the system of metered supply and flow of fuel will be more complicated. The scheme involves 2 tanks, a pump and a fuel path with adjustable combustion intensity. It is important to ensure the quality of the connections, otherwise the oil will begin to leak.
2. When using liquid fuels, especially mining, the boiler room is rarely clean. It must be understood that dirt and odors in the furnace room are inevitable. The disadvantage manifests itself in the process of setting up the Babington burner to work with or. This also includes the reconfiguration of equipment for the transition from mining to diesel, fuel oil or vegetable fuel.
3. Occasionally, burner failures occur due to clogging of the nozzle, more precisely, a tiny air hole. Most likely, the reason lies on the side of the compressor. For example, the wear of the piston group leads to oil from the crankcase entering the nozzle and can cause failures.

Separately, it is worth mentioning fire safety measures. When performing work related to the installation of an oil burner, it is recommended to keep a fire extinguisher at hand. The latter must always be in the boiler room.

How to make a burner yourself

To understand how to make a Babington burner, you need to study its design according to the drawings. You can find a lot of them on the Internet, but for manufacturing it is better to learn from the experience of specialists and take a proven prototype into work. Below is a drawing of a burner made and tested by one of the experienced participants in one of the specialized forums:

Now a few words about what you can make the unit from this drawing. The author used a conventional steel tee with threads for connecting pipes with a diameter of 2 inches (DU50) as a body. Instead of a tee, a cross of the same size will fit. Other elements - in accordance with the list:

You will also need a small pump for pumping used oil. Units from a VAZ car or a motorcycle do a good job with this task, you just need to ensure their rotation from an electric motor. Any low-power compressor is suitable, including from a refrigerator, since the pressure in the air path should be low (nominal - about 2 Bar, maximum - 4 Bar).

Advice. To dose or shut off the fuel line, it is worth installing a special valve on it.

An important operation is to drill a calibrated hole of a very small diameter in a makeshift nozzle. But first you need to choose a drill of the required size, because the power of the future homemade Babington burner will depend on the size of the hole. The calculation of power will be discussed in the next section, and how to make a small hole yourself is shown in detail in the video:

Power selection

The trick is that it is quite difficult to independently make such a calculation using formulas. There are data obtained in practice, and they say that different craftsmen make one or more holes with a diameter of 0.1 to 0.3 mm. There is also more accurate information: if you make a burner with 1 hole 0.25 mm in size, you can achieve a boiler power of up to 15 kW (depending on the type of fuel).

Advice. Do not drill a hole too large (more than 0.3 mm), this will lead to poor atomization and combustion of mining. In addition, the device will be more difficult to ignite, and the consumption of liquid fuel will unnecessarily increase.

Based on these data, you can select the thermal power of the unit by the number of holes. To reach 30-35 kW, you will have to drill not 1 hole by 0.25 mm, but two. Moreover, the distance between them must be maintained at least 8 mm so that the torches of the air-fuel mixture do not extinguish each other. According to experience, when the Babington burner is working out through one hole of 0.25 mm, the approximate oil consumption in the maximum mode will be up to 2 liters per hour.

When the hole is ready, attach the air supply tube to the ball and install it inside the tee. For a hermetic output of the tube from the housing, you will have to make a threaded plug. A hole is drilled in it, where the tube is inserted. A fitting is cut into the tee from above by soldering, and a copper fuel supply line is connected to it. To heat used oil before burning, we use the following methods:

1. An electric heating element with a thermostat is built into the tank, from where mining is supplied to the hemisphere.
2. The tube leading from the tank makes several turns around the heated nozzle, due to which the fuel passing through it is heated.

A nozzle is first screwed to the tee, and then a copper tube previously bent into a spiral is put on it. And then it connects to the fitting. By the way, 2 holes with a diameter of at least 8 mm should be made in the nozzle for secondary air to enter. A detailed description of how to make a Babington burner yourself is given in the video below:

The lower outlet of the tee is intended for draining the used oil into a settling tank. It can be placed directly under the burner, but this is not aesthetically pleasing and unsafe - the flame is too close. It is better to take the tank to the side, and to remove the waste, come up with a fitting with a threaded plug and a tube. Those who are strong in the field of electronics can attach an automatic ignition and safety kit with a controller to the burner.

Electric ignition can be provided by one or two automotive spark plugs screwed in at the start of the nozzle. This will make it possible to stop and start the boiler in automatic mode, shutting off and resuming the supply of used oil and air to the burner. The controller can receive signals from the flame sensor, the water temperature in the boiler and the fuel level in the tank and, based on them, turn off the pump and close the fuel line valve.

About reworking a blowtorch for testing

Some home craftsmen, having studied the principle of operation of the Babington burner, are trying to remake an ordinary blowtorch for burning waste oil. The goal is to reduce the cost and simplify manufacturing, because the processes in these two devices are supposedly similar. This opinion is erroneous, since the blowtorch functions differently than the homemade burner described here.

In the lamp, air is forced into the tank with gasoline for one purpose - to push it out and feed it to the nozzle. In this case, the fuel goes through the stage of heating and evaporation. The nozzle supplies gasoline vapor to the combustion zone, the liquid can be observed there only at the ignition stage, when the “head” of the blowtorch has not yet warmed up. The used oil cannot be evaporated and the nozzle will supply it in the form of large drops, which does not contribute to normal combustion. Yes, and the cross section of the jet will quickly become clogged from various impurities.

The conclusion is simple: it will not be possible to convert a blowtorch to burn heavy liquid fuels.

Conclusion

At the moment, a universal burner that works according to the Babington principle is the prerogative of do-it-yourselfers. Although it has a lot of advantages, well-known brands are in no hurry to establish the production of such units. It can be assumed that the reason for this is the fire hazard of such a product and the too high predicted price due to the complex system for supplying fuel with air.

Installation, operation and service waste oil furnaces are associated with certain restrictions and prohibitions aimed at the efficient, and most importantly, safe use of liquid fuel heating equipment.

Note! All waste oil air furnaces are designed for heating industrial premises. Use of the equipment other than for its intended purpose is strictly prohibited.

1. Do not use liquid fuel stoves for heating residential premises, change houses for builders, cottages and houses and administrative facilities.

2. With the seeming, at first glance, simplicity of operation and design of a liquid-fuel heating stove, it is a source of increased danger. Therefore, when carrying out any work related to the heater, it is necessary to strictly comply with the requirements specified in the operating instructions.

3. Liquid fuel heaters run on waste oil, diesel fuel, kerosene, heating oil. The use of other types of fuel is excluded. It is also forbidden to burn transformer oil, highly contaminated fuel, with mechanical impurities, water, antifreeze, paints and varnishes, gasoline, solvents, acetone and lubricants.

4. It is forbidden to operate furnaces on used oil in places with high humidity, in dusty and cluttered rooms, in the open air and in places where flammable liquids, poisonous or chemically active substances are stored or placed.

5. If the heated room has only an extractor hood (the presence of powerful fans, spray booths, etc.), and there is no fresh air inflow, then a reverse draft effect is possible, that is, combustion products can enter the room. Therefore, the presence of supply and exhaust ventilation is mandatory when using heaters on liquid fuel!

6. It is strictly forbidden to independently make any changes to the design or settings of the used oil or other liquid fuel stove.

7. Grounding during the operation of liquid fuel stoves is mandatory.

9. Do not operate a defective heater.

10. Do not build an oil stove into an air duct system - they are not designed for this. With the exception of those models whose manufacturer gives permission for use with air ducts.

11. Do not attempt to dry clothes or shoes on a running oven or use it as a stove for cooking.

Tips for transportation and storage.

12. Delivery of liquid fuel heating equipment to the facility must be carried out in a strictly vertical position. The rest of the options are excluded.

13. When loading and unloading, do not allow sharp shocks and shocks - heater attachments may fail.

14. During transport, protect your used oil oven from the weather.

15. When accepting heating equipment, make sure that it is not damaged. If the heater is damaged, then additional approval is required for its further operation, based on the current damage.

16. Do not store the oil-fired oven outdoors or in heavily dusty or dirty areas.

Waste oil furnace installation.

17. The installation of a liquid fuel heater and its components must be carried out by specialists with proper experience and permission, in accordance with the current SNiP and SanPiN norms, while strictly observing the requirements of the operating instructions, current technical standards and norms, as well as fire safety rules.

18. The waste oil stove must be installed on a completely level surface. If the surface has irregularities or drops, then the distribution of used oil on the plate will be uneven, which can lead to poor combustion.

19. Do not run liquid fuel equipment without a chimney, or outdoors.

20. The chimney must be folded in full accordance with the requirements of the operating instructions for the equipment.

21. Connecting a chimney with a reduced or increased diameter, as well as a common chimney system, is strongly discouraged.

23. Use a voltage regulator for frequent power surges.

Operation of the furnace on waste oil.

24. Ignition of a liquid fuel heater during working out is carried out exclusively in a cold state. Failure to comply with this condition threatens uncontrolled ignition of used oil vapors and burns. When restarting, be sure to wait until the machine has completely cooled down.

26. It is impossible to add diesel fuel to a hot plate, as well as after the flame has begun to burn.

27. Do not disconnect the used oil stove from the mains while the fan is running. This can lead to both a breakdown of the fan itself, as well as overheating of the combustion chamber with its further failure.

29. The efficiency of a waste oil furnace depends on many factors, one of which is the timely cleaning of the combustion chamber. We recommend that you carry out maintenance of the combustion chamber and the bowl until the operation of the heating unit on liquid fuel deteriorates. Dirty devices work and heat much worse than cleaned ones.

30. Wait until the oil-fired oven is completely cool before servicing.

31. During the daily maintenance of the plate on which the mining was burned, we recommend not to throw the red-hot plate into the snow, or try to “beat off” the unburned residues by knocking the plate against the asphalt. All this can lead to premature plate failure.

32. If a lot of water/antifreeze accumulates in the fuel storage tank, be sure to remove this fluid. If they enter the combustion bowl together with used oil, they can cause uneven burning and strong hissing of the flame, which is an incorrect and unsafe work.

We wish you a safe, long and efficient operation of your waste oil furnace!

No part of this article may be reproduced in any form or by any means, whether electronic or mechanical, or published on the Internet without the written permission of the copyright owner. © ThermoAlliance, 2014.

Recycling used oil by burning it to generate thermal energy significantly reduces heating costs. With certain use of traditional energy resources, enterprises and organizations in new construction or reconstruction should pay attention to the use of used oils.

Many service stations and other service organizations always have plenty of used oil at their disposal. Waste oil is collected when replacing oils in engines and friction units of cars, diesel locomotives, electric locomotives, sewing, metal and woodworking machines, tanks, tractors, ships, self-propelled barges and boats, submarines, construction equipment, gasoline and diesel generators, power plant turbines , drilling rigs, etc. The disposal of fuel waste for most enterprises is an expensive problem in financing the maintenance of collection, storage, transportation, processing and annealing points. The owners of these enterprises, who have installed air heaters or boilers for mining, solve the problem of not only recycling waste oil, but also significantly save on heating technical and office premises. If the facility does not have used oil, then it may consider purchasing and transporting it, compared to the cost of traditional fuel.

Waste oil equipment, although it has a high cost, but heating on it is much cheaper to operate due to the cheapness of fuel. By the end of the first year of operation, the cost of the boiler and the spent fuel during mining will be equal to the cost of a diesel fuel boiler, and in further operation you will receive significant savings. In addition, exhaust burners are, in most cases, universal, operating on both waste oil and diesel. This solves the problem of reserve fuel in case of emergency.

Waste oils can also be used in special furnaces. The furnace corresponds to the class of the simplest devices that do not require special care and maintenance. Preventive maintenance is performed by the owner of the oven. The design of the furnace allows:
- regulate fuel consumption;
- regulate the degree of heating of the air in the room;
- use available types of fuel for heating (used petroleum oil, etc.);
- dispose of oil products of heavy hydrocarbon fractions that are not subject to regeneration.
The design of the oven allows using the upper part of the product as a heating element for cooking, heating water, etc. The combustion process takes place in an optimal mode with the lowest emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere.

Analysis of the situation

Analysis, confirmed by energy audit surveys, of the current technical state of thermal energy sources of energy and industrial enterprises, the agricultural sector and transport, heat supply systems for cities and towns in Russia, carried out by specialists from the Moscow Power Engineering Institute (Technical University) and JSC VNIPIenergoprom, allows us to draw the following conclusions.

1) In housing and communal services, the share of liquid-fuel boiler capacities is ten times lower compared to enterprises in the fuel and energy complex and industry. It should be noted that boiler plants designed for annealing diesel and fuel oil are technologically different from OTM annealing plants. This fact is ignored: the efficiency of OTM annealing in boilers designed for diesel and fuel oil is extremely low. Traditionally, many industrial and transport enterprises transport fuel waste for processing to petrochemical plants or for annealing of thermal power plants, the concentration of emissions of which aggravates the environment. Moreover, the vast majority of enterprises pay money for the disposal of waste materials, while handing over a valuable fuel resource, or barely pays back only transportation costs, which is extremely unprofitable for them and leads to concealment of the actual volume of liquid fuel waste.

2) The thermal power of AO-Energo sources is usually significantly higher than the connected load. Obviously, transferring the load of municipal and departmental boiler houses to heat supply from AO-Energo enterprises could help reduce fuel consumption in the system and reduce the tariff for thermal energy. Switching less economical sources to peak mode and more economical sources to base mode would lead to a similar result. However, at present, uneconomical municipal and departmental boiler houses are, as a rule, the main sources in isolated 9

heating systems. Their heating networks are usually not connected with the heating networks of AO-Energo enterprises. At the same time, the sources for OTM utilization are autonomous in nature, do not require connection to the networks of heat supply systems and are intended mainly for industrial consumers, thereby reducing losses in centralized networks. This fits in well with the general strategies for the development of heat supply systems in the housing and communal services and fuel and energy sectors, by cutting off end consumers or limiting the transfer of heat and hot water to offset their own generation (transfer to decentralized heat supply), especially in industrial zones.

3) An analysis of the methods for setting tariffs for housing and communal services and the fuel and energy complex, for the most part, allows us to say that the tariff structure practically does not consider the basic potentials of tariff models for consumed resources, because are based on generalized indicators of specific fuel consumption. This applies to electricity and fuel, which in turn is transferred to heat tariffs. At the same time, their structures make it possible to allocate funds in the form of preferential or individual tariffs when introducing energy-saving measures that reduce fuel consumption at energy generation sources from the share of shortfall in income (profit) and the city's participation share (budget subsidies). The latter, in turn, missed the availability of their own fuel resources, incl. OTM, although 1 ruble often invested in the maintenance of centralized heat supply systems pays off only 7–8 kopecks.

There are other components that make it possible to develop tax and excise preferences, to model consolidated financing schemes, in which consumers often do not have a clear idea. For example, business plans of industrial enterprises or feasibility studies of projects for the introduction of heat generators at OTM contain an efficiency assessment based on the difference in tariffs for consumed energy resources in the form of purchased heat, electricity or gas. At the same time, the costs of waste disposal, fees for emissions and effluents, the costs of maintaining treatment systems and cleaning sewers, the costs of 10

maintenance of personnel, depreciation charges in own balance sheets, expenses for the maintenance, reservation and reconstruction of heating networks, pumping stations, heating points and sources, expenses for the maintenance of transport and transportation of waste, and many other items from which sources of financing are formed, and, as consequently, the financial schemes themselves and the mechanisms for offsetting funds, which make it possible to reduce the payback period for the introduction of heat generators from 2 years (or more) to 1 year (or less).

In addition to own sources of financing, it would be necessary to work out aspects that can increase the efficiency of equipment implementation, including energy saving measures, improving the quality of equipment operation and the fuel used, optimizing heat transfer in the room (or heat and mass transfer in the process) or connection schemes, environmental assessment of collection and storage points , etc. Depending on the form of ownership and structure of the enterprise, the purpose of the equipment and the location of the consumer, administrative methods may also be applicable that increase the profitability of the introduction of heat generators at OTM and heat supply decentralization schemes (similar to heat supply decentralization, partial or complete, for industrial and transport enterprises). Professional schemes for attracting financing exist and operate in the form of environmental funds, tariff regulators, Kyoto mechanisms, leasing, other energy service and local schemes.

Most of the techniques described above, of course, can be implemented with the participation of qualified energy auditors, but this does not exclude the administrative and legal settlement of problems on the ground. For example, when developing schemes for the development of heat supply systems by specialized organizations. However, this event, which was held 15-20 years ago, along with a comprehensive energy audit of heat supply systems, is not practiced now due to the lack of a state customer and funds for their implementation.

4) Modernization of the fleet of power boilers of AO-Energo for the utilization of waste products is practically not carried out due to an insignificant share of productivity in the total volume of generated thermal energy of the CHPP (TPP), the fleet itself is morally and technically obsolete, its efficiency is 50÷60%. Moreover, the fuel efficiency factor in centralized heat supply systems, in the source-consumer scheme, on average for the country, is not higher than the efficiency of a steam locomotive.

Today in Russia, no more than 140 Gcal / h of thermal power is used per year for special heating equipment for OTM annealing, of which no more than a thousand units of special equipment with a capacity of up to 0.3 Gcal / h are produced in our country and imported into the country. Single suppliers and manufacturers can provide equipment with a thermal capacity of about 1.0 Gcal/hour and more. With such a pace of development of advanced technologies for the utilization of waste materials, we will pollute the environment for another 100 years, destroy the health of generations and all life around, while burying tens of billions of rubles in the ground (polluting the atmosphere, pouring into reservoirs and sewers) tens of billions of rubles annually. Given the fact that the equipment has a limited service life, even 100 years will not be enough for us if legal regulations are not adopted already now.

5) At the same time, the following shortcomings were revealed in the process of OTM utilization, which often occur in centralized annealing systems:

Most enterprises mix OTM, which subsequently leads to a decrease in the efficiency of combustion processes and equipment operation during annealing.

The situation is aggravated by the fact that water, untreated waste from galvanic production and explosive components get into the composition of impurities when mixed;

OTMs supplied for centralized annealing are rarely controlled by qualitative chemical analysis and are accompanied by a formal quality document (fuel passport). In fact, the quality control of the fuel has been lost, both at the stage of its acceptance (and not only OTM), and at the stage of production;

At the stage of commissioning and during operation, regime and adjustment tests are not performed enough, leading to heat loss in gas ducts due to high temperatures of flue gases (up to 300ºС and above), which leads to a decrease in the fuel efficiency by 15-20% and above, and contradicts the principles of energy saving and environmental safety;

OTM are burned in morally, physically and technologically obsolete boilers and furnaces that are not equipped with special automatic combustion, or are not provided for this purpose, which are significantly inferior in terms of economic and environmental indicators to modern models;

When operating the OTM annealing equipment, the operating modes and manufacturer's instructions are not observed. Equipment that is subject to the current boiler supervision rules has practically no regime cards;

When annealing OTM, the scheme of mixing fuel waste into the composition of fuel oil or diesel fuel is more often used, which does not always lead to emissions allowed by MPC standards;

The heat of burnt CW is not always used for the needs of generation, technology and heating, and is discarded, which is contrary to the principles of energy saving.

Also, it should be noted that GOST 21046-86 "Waste Petroleum Products" is not always correctly applied in the field. For example, in order to increase the efficiency of fuel use, reduce the MPC of emissions and increase the efficiency of annealing equipment, it is advisable to perform operational and commissioning tests 13

or perform equipment settings for a specific group (type or batch) of fuel. However, the specified GOST, adopted within the framework of the International Standard, allows mixing, which reduces environmentally friendly and energy-saving intentions to zero. This wording with the definition “allowed” migrated to the operating instructions of enterprises and the passports of equipment manufacturers, which, due to our mismanagement, turned into a norm that allows mixing fuel waste. As a result, resource losses during annealing exceed the norm by 1.5 times and more, and the excess of harmful emissions - by 2-3 times.

You can heat a house, a garage, a subsidiary farm conditionally free of charge if you use waste. The idea of ​​using used oil to heat your home and garage looks attractive. Such oil is “just heaps” everywhere, it has excellent calorific value, on average a little more than 10 kW per liter, at the level of all petroleum products. Taking into account the efficiency of the boiler, about 10 kW / 1l will arrive for our heating. Next, we calculate how much fuel is needed, the price of the issue, but the main thing is how to use mining, boilers, furnaces, what experience we have and what it all leads to ...

The garage can be easily heated with a mining stove. But the oil consumption in this design is usually not less than 0.5 l / h, the efficiency is 0.75, so count ...

How much work is needed to heat a house

As you know, most houses in the middle lane (temperate climate) consume up to 20 kW of energy per hour in the coldest time. The average boiler power for a typical house for 6 months of heating is no more than 12 kW / h. 28.8 liters of waste oil will be consumed per day, and a little more than 5,000 liters will be consumed for the heating season, respectively. And how much will this volume of oil cost? Sometimes it's free at all, or a penny for shipping ...

Experienced Tips: Ensure that at least half of the seasonal mining consumption is stored in the house, but the entire volume is better, so as not to be left without fuel in frosty times.

How does a simple furnace work

The furnace for testing is easy to manufacture, inexpensive, and at the same time quite powerful. This design can develop up to 15 kW. With a slight improvement and up to 30 kW. Those. equipped with a water circuit is also suitable for heating small houses, and not just garages and utility rooms.

Scheme of the simplest heating device that runs on oil

A furnace for mining can be inexpensively purchased. Many locksmith and welding associations put them up for sale.

On sale you can find stoves working at working out for utility rooms. They are inexpensive.

How to make your own waste oil oven

Below are detailed drawings for the manufacture of such a furnace, which absorbs free waste oil and produces the desired expensive kilowatts of thermal energy. Craftsmen in metal and welding work can make this for inexpensive.

The design of the furnace in development, which you can repeat yourself

Another descriptive design of a fuel furnace for liquid viscous fuel.

The general scheme of the furnace for mining

What the masters in the video will tell about this

In what cases can mining be used for heating not only the garage, but also at home

If perhaps 100 liters per season is enough for rare heating in the garage, which some people can simply collect for free from friends-neighbors-garages, then the volumes for the house are calculated in tones, and here you can’t do without a trade supply. In theory, there are many enterprises that are working on the question of “what to do with used oil” - garages, ports, factories - and they will be happy to see a buyer who brings the radiant idea “I will give money for working out” into their life.

Thus, in order to organize this heating of the house, it is necessary to create an iron agreement on the supply of fuel in the amount of at least seasonal consumption per year. But in practice, the question of price arises. It turns out that there has already been a demand for mining, and the price for it has crept up. What is going on in a particular region, at a particular plant and depot - to decide only locally, and think about the issue - "price / volume".

How to create heating using oil as fuel

But agreeing on the supply of used oil is half the battle. It is also necessary to create conditions for heating by working out at home and in the garden. For some users, the heating process has turned into hell. In hell, they constantly drag it in buckets and spill it, littering everything around with practically indelible poisonous waste, spreading a terrible smell not only in their house, but also frightening their neighbors.

Also, burning what they have trained in some primitive equipment, they emit black smoke into the atmosphere, which removes stray dogs and cats from the neighborhood, but at the same time is the best incentive for neighbors to keep axes, pitchforks and scythes in combat readiness ....

To prevent this from happening, containers are needed for storage in the basement at a positive temperature. We need a mechanized supply and special equipment for heating a house by mining, which regulates the air supply, fuel pressure, fuel temperature, supply volumes per minute, i.e. power output, and controlled not only by thermostats from home, but also by smartphone.

Equipment for home heating

An oil burner is a complex and expensive piece of equipment. It creates all the above conditions for heating the house. Such a burner, as well as a boiler to work with it, are common equipment for automated and problem-free heating with waste oil.

But new branded boilers for these purposes are also not cheap.

Craftsmen's recommendations: Burners are expensive, so often craftsmen remake used burners from diesel fuel, installing them in a used oil boiler. Then the idea to heat the house cheaply remains valid. But without delving into all the nuances of storage, supply of used oil, and the smallest details of the burner, you should not count on easy success ...

For masters: - the experience of converting a diesel burner to oil and an example of how many problems there are in this matter ..

This year, the editorial board of our newspaper traditionally participates in the regional competition for the best publication on environmental issues. In general, the topic of ecology is close and interesting to us - we know that we can make our own, albeit modest, contribution to the discussion of this topical and, in the full sense of the word, vital problem.
Going through the most diverse material, I came across a number that simply amazed me. It turns out that about 100 thousand tons of lubricating automotive and industrial oils are consumed in our country every year. And the amount of waste generated as a result of their use is 80-85% of the original volume. The result is about 80-85 thousand tons of waste oils per year.
From life, I remembered that I had repeatedly heard and seen how wooden structures were lubricated by “working off”, supposedly from this they last longer. I still feel the pungent smell. It's no secret that not all motorists bother themselves with worries and pour unnecessary oil anywhere, and we already have almost a car for every second inhabitant. Also the production scale.
And in fact, do we know how harmful "working off" is and where organizations and citizens can and should hand over waste oil products? We received answers to these questions from the head of the regional inspection of natural resources and environmental protection, Valery Belavsky. First, about harm. Definitely, waste oil products are dangerous pollutants of almost all components of the natural environment - surface and groundwater, they are extremely harmful to soil and air. The thing is that used oils are only partially biodegradable, so their disposal in the natural environment has a very detrimental effect on the latter. For example, waste oils drained into any water source significantly reduce the amount of oxygen for plants and any living creatures there. How do you like this figure: 1 liter of used engine oil poured into the soil makes hundreds to thousands of tons of groundwater unusable!
In relation to used oils, the practice of burning is often used. It's like an exit. However, there is a big “BUT!” here. This can be done only with the use of special safe systems. Otherwise, we are provided with emissions of combustion products, carcinogens that are harmful to the environment and humans. It has been clinically proven that the vapors of burned petroleum products affect the cardiovascular and central nervous systems, causing acute and chronic poisoning, sometimes fatal. When the products of burning waste oils are exposed to the human body, people are at risk of cancer.
Now about where to put the waste oil products? Unfortunately, we have to state that we do not yet have a unified system for the collection and disposal of used oils. As they say, a threatening and obliging sword does not yet hang over consumers. But the process of education in the field of ecology is still far from perfect. Although any normal person should know that hazardous substances are not released into nature.
In the specialized literature, such a comparison is repeatedly made: the volume of waste oil products, which is discharged into the soil and water bodies, significantly exceeds all accidental discharges of oil during its extraction, processing, or losses during transportation. Therefore, the disposal of used oil is a prerequisite for all industries. Moreover, the rules and specialized organizations that collect these wastes and process them in the right ways are defined.
As Valery Belavsky said, the regional inspection of natural resources and environmental protection constantly monitors the situation at our enterprises and organizations. There, oils are collected and stored in sealed containers. At the same time, the emphasis is on the fact that improper collection and storage can also cause significant damage to the environment. Then the waste is handed over to special organizations. The largest enterprises of our region have concluded agreements with FLLC "DVCh-Management", which is located in the village of Krupsky. Where possible, "working out" is reused to lubricate the rubbing parts of the mechanisms. And motorists can leave them after replacement at car services, they know how to deal with them further. Although it is no secret that many do not bother themselves and, taking advantage of the lack of a strict legal framework, burn this waste, pour it into sewers, water bodies or throw it into landfills. Especially garage cooperatives "sin" with this. Of course, the process of collecting from individual users and small organizations is at an early stage, but this does not mean that each individual has the right to treat it negligently.
Remember the saying "You can't spoil porridge with butter." Of course, she was born long before the appearance of synthetic oils in everyday life. And if in the literal sense this is so, then in relation to our topic - exactly the opposite. Waste oils are a serious environmental threat to the environment and human health - this is an axiom.
Ideally, as Valery Belavsky said, all used oils should be recycled. In addition, these wastes are, although secondary, but very valuable raw materials, since in the process of their regeneration it is possible to obtain recovered oils suitable for reuse, as well as other petroleum products. And this is money that can work for the country's economy.
Let's summarize what has been said. According to the established rules, manufacturers are obliged to collect waste oils and hand them over to special organizations. Individual users - to change oils at service stations or collect "working out" in containers and then hand it over to special organizations. For example, in our district there is a "VHF-Management", and on the website of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection you can find a list of other organizations that will accept this type of waste. In my opinion, it’s easier and more professional to do it at a car service. The question arises: is it really necessary to wait for the harsh letter of the law, which will prescribe severe punishment for us? Or maybe, even without a whip, we are able to understand that the environment polluted by us is also dangerous for us? And with such oil you can spoil any porridge, literally and figuratively.