The technology of laying roofing material on the roof
Classification of mastics
Using mastic for roofing

Ruberoid has been used for roofing for a very long time and during this time it has gained fame as the most reliable budget material. At the heart of the roofing material is roofing cardboard impregnated with oil bitumen and covered with a special crumb.

We make a bituminous primer in two ways - instructions with video

This material is successfully used for roofing work at household or industrial facilities.

For the installation and repair of a roofing felt coating, it is necessary to use special mastics, presented on the market in the widest range. About how to seal the roofing material on the roof, and will be discussed in this article.

The technology of laying roofing material on the roof

Ruberoid is a rolled roofing material, for the manufacture of which special cardboard with a density of 200-420 g / m2 and bitumen are used. The combination of these materials allows you to create a fairly reliable waterproofing material, the effectiveness of which increases with the number of layers laid.

Installation of roofing material can be carried out in three ways:

Mechanical. This roofing material laying technology is the most traditional and has been used for a very long time, due to the lack of alternatives. The mechanical installation of the roofing material consists in fastening the material with the help of roofing nails. The method is quite simple to implement, but not very effective in terms of durability of the structure - the presence of holes in the roofing material negatively affects its waterproofing properties.
surfacing. Fused roofing technology has some limitations: firstly, special equipment is required for coating, and secondly, this method is not suitable for combustible substrates. The installation technology involves the use of a gas burner, which heats up the adhesive layer on the underside of the roofing material.
gluing. To implement this method, various mastics with adhesive properties are used. All stacked layers of roofing material are smeared with bituminous mastic and securely glued to the roof surface. This method is by far considered the most effective, since the result is a monolithic roofing material overlap on the roof.

Classification of mastics

Mastic for roofing material is an adhesive composition that allows you to reliably and tightly lay layers of roofing material. There are a lot of branded mastics that can be purchased ready-made, and if necessary, you can make a similar composition yourself. However, this does not make much sense - most mastics have a fairly low cost.

Mastic for roofing material on the roof is made in two forms:

Cold. Cold mastics are distinguished by the fact that they can be applied without preheating. In addition to bitumen, the composition of such mastics includes a solvent (gasoline, kerosene or diesel fuel). To prepare such compositions on your own, you need to take bitumen and solvent in a ratio of 3: 7, melt the bitumen and mix with the solvent. After cooling, the resin for roofing material retains a liquid consistency. As a rule, cold mastics are more expensive, and their consumption is higher, so it is advisable to use such compositions only for minor repairs or installation of roofing material on a small roof.
hot. For the manufacture of hot mastics, solid bitumen is used, which must be preheated during application. The manufacturing process looks like this: a thick-walled container is filled with bitumen about half and heated over low heat with the gradual addition of additives and oil. It takes more time to create hot mastic, and you can work with it only if it is warmed up. Such compositions are optimally suited for the treatment of surfaces with a large area - this is much more economical compared to cold mastics.

When creating mastic with your own hands, you need to carefully monitor the temperature and consistency of bitumen. If the material is processed correctly, it will emit gray light smoke and a slight hiss. In the presence of yellow smoke or bubbles, it is better to refrain from using such a composition.

Using mastic for roofing

Roofing mastics are needed to perform the following tasks:

Gluing roofing material. The mastic applied to the underside of the roofing material ensures its fixation on the roof. Each layer must be treated with mastic, and when laying, the material must be smoothed so that bubbles do not form under it. Roofing material laid on bituminous mastic provides reliable waterproofing of the roof.
Base priming. Bituminous mastic is well suited for priming the roof base, which is necessary to increase adhesion between materials. Such processing is especially important if the roofing material will be laid on a concrete surface, which is distinguished by the presence of pores and a not very smooth surface.
Roof repair. If the roof was made of roofing material, then bituminous mastics are quite suitable for its repair. The fact is that during operation, the roofing material acquires minor damage, to eliminate which a small amount of bituminous composition will be enough.
Coating waterproofing. Mastics can be used as a separate material to create a waterproofing layer that protects a certain surface from moisture.

Conclusion

Bituminous mastics are actively used for laying roofing material, which increase the waterproofing properties of the coating and ensure its seamless connection. It is very simple to work with such compositions, and if necessary, you can create them yourself, observing the necessary proportions and maintaining the optimum temperature.

bituminous roof it is created from bituminous tiles, which are of two types, differing only in the nature of the pattern created on the roof and in appearance:

Mosaic

Characteristics of a bituminous roof.

The main characteristics that it has bituminous roof(these are also its main advantages) are as follows:

Long service life: at least 10 years is the service life of this roofing material. According to most manufacturers, this coating will last up to 100 years! But only time can show how true this statement is.

How to dilute bitumen for waterproofing

However, it has already been proven that bituminous roof reliably serves up to four decades.

It is resistant to environmental factors: bituminous roof resistant to any microorganisms and fungi, does not corrode, does not rot.

Excellent noise isolation: provides complete silence in the room during heavy rains or hail.

Simple installation: the use of soft tiles makes it easy to cover the roof of any complexity.

Profitability: a fairly low percentage of waste has shingles(about 10%). For other types of roofing materials, this figure is 30-40%.

Strength and lightness: the specific weight of tiles for creating a bituminous roof is 8 kg / m2, which makes it possible to use it for prefabricated structures.

Disadvantages of a bituminous roof:

The impossibility of using soft tiles to cover roofs with a slope of up to 12 is the main drawback that bituminous roof.

Repairing a bituminous roof is difficult for a person who is not a specialist in this field. This is due to the fact that when laying shingles glued together with whole sheets. A labor-intensive process is the replacement of even a small piece of the roof.

A solid wooden roof sheathing is required, which makes the roofing process much more expensive.

Special care is required when covering with soft tiles. This is due to the fact that when deformed, the sheets of this material lose their soundproofing waterproofing properties.

High price. But due to the low percentage of waste, for roofs with a complex structure, this type of coating is one of the most cost-effective.

Mastic is a universal waterproofing material widely used during construction work. This material is a remelted product of bitumen, devoid of such disadvantages of bitumen as brittleness in frost and excessive fluidity in extreme heat. The mastic has a sufficiently viscous consistency, due to which it can be applied to vertical surfaces in a fairly thin layer. Over time, this layer does not float.

DIY mastic

To make your own mastic, you will need:

pieces of pure bitumen,
fillers,
plasticizers.

Let's say you want to get 10 kilograms of the finished mixture. Then take 8.5 kg of pure bitumen, 1 kg of filler (forest moss or sawdust, peat, mineral wool, rubber chips, asbestos), 0.5 kg of plasticizer (waste oil). Mastic is best cooked in special boilers equipped with thick (at least 3 mm) walls and a lid. Such walls will allow you to evenly distribute heat so that the bitumen does not burn.

Cooking rules

The boiler can be loaded no more than 70%. Otherwise, the mastic may spill out.
The boiler must not be installed directly on the fire, but away from it on a stand.
It is best to keep the cooking temperature within 190C. At higher temperatures, bitumen may decompose.
Try to avoid temperature fluctuations - in the end you will get a mastic that is homogeneous in composition. How do you know if the temperature is too high? Very simple. The first sign of overheating is the appearance of yellow-green bubbles.

Cooking process

Before starting cooking, crush large pieces of bitumen into smaller ones, clean them from dirt and sand.
The whole bitumen melting process should proceed very slowly, for about three hours.
The filler must be crushed, dried and heated.
Fillers and plasticizers should be introduced gradually.
Stir the mixture regularly (using a shovel), remove the foam from it.
After the foam has fallen off and the surface of the mixture is completely smooth, the plasticizer can be added.
Then everything is mixed well again.
Everything - the mastic is ready.

Best before date

It is advisable to cook the mastic immediately before its use. It cannot be stored longer than 24 hours. During use, the mastic must be constantly hot (about 120 ° C).

DIY primer

It is not advisable to apply mastic on bare surfaces. Surfaces must be endowed with good adhesion in advance, for which they are cleaned of debris and primed. Priming will ensure a high level of strength of the applied layer of mastic.

The composition of the primer is simple: bitumen solution plus gasoline in a ratio of one to three.

Cooking process

In order to prepare a primer, it is necessary to place hot (about 70 ° C) bitumen in gasoline.
Bitumen is placed in small portions and mixed until completely dissolved.
To avoid the presence of solid inclusions, the primer can be filtered through a fine metal mesh.

Application

The primer should be applied in two coats (or three coats). Wait 10-15 minutes before applying subsequent layers. Then the surfaces are covered with mastic.

Mastics can have different properties and characteristics - this is due to different additives in the mixture. Initially, bitumen and rubber-bitumen mastics are thick. And for effective use, they should be diluted. How to do it right? Let's see how to dilute bituminous mastic and how to prepare it.

Classification

Each material is classified according to its composition according to different criteria. So, the compositions are divided according to the conditions of use, as well as additives. Mastics also differ in technological features. They differ in the possibility of operation at a certain temperature and conditions that ensure the process of hardening, softening.

For example, hot formulations should first be heated to temperatures of 160 degrees and above. After that, you can use the finished product for insulation work. Cold mixtures are used differently. In this case, you will have to make a solution. How to dilute the rubber-bitumen mastic depends on the method of application and other factors. Cold types of mastics should not be heated. Solvents are highly volatile and will evaporate from the surface during curing.

According to the method of preparation, all formulations are divided into one- and two-component. Materials from the first group are prepared as simply as possible. The mass can be used immediately without the need to add any ingredients.

Two-component materials must be prepared, after which they are ready for use. What can be used to dilute the bituminous mastic depends on where and how the insulation work will be performed.

What is used for breeding?

Depending on where the material will be applied, the proportions and density change. Otherwise, the composition simply will not be able to stay on the surface before it dries completely. Mastics are different, which means that the products for breeding will also be different.

Most often, materials are used to dilute:

Motor gasoline or kerosene.
White Spirit.
Gasoline "Galosha".

In most cases, low-octane gasolines are used as thinners. The polymerization process of the dissolved composition takes 24 hours after application. This is provided that the work is done outdoors.

When choosing how to dilute bituminous mastic, you should definitely remember that even low-octane gasolines are flammable liquids. Vapors of any fuel are flammable. In the process of waterproofing work, do not use open fire.

As for the proportions, they must correspond to the volume of the base used. If you break them, then the mixture will dry out more slowly or the fluidity of the solution will increase. As a result, adhesion will decrease or useful properties will be lost. In this case, the material will not carry protective functions.

How can you dilute the rubber-bitumen mastic? There are other materials as well. This is turpentine, any kind. It is not recommended to use acetone or liquids based on it for these purposes. Some craftsmen dissolve mastic in diesel fuel. The result is an inhomogeneous mixture. However, this solution fills all cracks and irregularities with the highest quality. If the mastic is liquid, it has better adhesion and good insulating properties.

Elastic and special additives in mastics

Gasoline, kerosene, white spirit are universal solvents. But when choosing how to dilute the rubber-bitumen mastic, the first step is to decide what characteristics are needed from the solution. Depending on the additives used in the composition, the materials are divided into:

Bituminous rubber.
Bitumen-polyurethane.
Bitumen-latex.
Oil and rubber compounds.

As you can see, bitumen is present in the composition of each material. But additives are different everywhere - hence the different properties. So, with the addition of polyurethane or rubber, you can get additional elasticity. This is important for most insulation work.

As a result, a strong film is formed, which is difficult to break. The film is easily stretched by 20 or more times, while it does not deform. One of the options for diluting rubber-bitumen mastic for roofing is motor gasoline.

Anti-corrosion mastic from bitumen with oil

If oil is added to the composition, the resulting mixture will not harden. This is important for processing pipes and other metal underground utilities. With the addition of oily materials, a sticky, but not rigid, film is obtained. It will not crack and will be able to maintain its integrity for a long time. This solution is not afraid of low and high temperatures. It is an ideal solution for treating heating systems. But it is not suitable for roofing work.

Additives for mastic for roofing

Experts, answering the question of how to dilute, recommend adding crumb rubber in addition to solvents. Such a coating will be strong and durable. And it can be applied to any type of surface. The material prepared in this way withstands mechanical loads, shocks and vibrations.

If you add rubber to the suction, you can prepare a cold mixture that does not require heating. In addition to high waterproofing properties, the material also acquires antiseptic characteristics along with high heat resistance.

Also for roofing, you can add to the mastic and liquid latex in the form of an emulsion. It is nothing but synthetic rubber. The product is extremely easy to prepare and apply, has excellent performance characteristics. The mixture is ideal for roofing.

How to prepare the right solution

An important point in the process of preparing mastic is the method of its application to the surface to be treated. The protective solution can be applied both manually and with the help of special equipment. The manual application method is relevant when the amount of work is small. If it is required to apply the composition over a large area, then mechanized application methods are used. The method of mixing depends on how the mastic will be applied. How to dilute rubber-bitumen mastic? Before you start preparing the mixture, you need to prepare the surface on which the composition will be applied.

If peeling is observed on the coating, it should be carefully cleaned and then dried. After that, it is recommended to apply a layer of primer, which can interact with mastics. These primers are called bituminous and are sold ready-made. But you can cook it yourself. Next, we'll tell you exactly how.

How to prepare a primer

The use of a primer is a guarantee of reliable adhesion of waterproofing materials to porous and non-smooth surfaces. The composition is suitable for priming concrete bases, cement-sand screeds.

The primer is a solution of petroleum bitumen. The softening temperature of the material is 80 degrees or more. For those who do not know how to dilute bituminous mastic, experts recommend using organic solvents. What could it be? These are kerosene, nefras, gasoline. They are added in a ratio of 1 to 1 or 1 to 5 by weight of the base.

To make a primer, you need pure bitumen - you need several pieces. Next, the bars are dissolved in gasoline or in. First, a solvent is poured into the prepared container - gasoline or mining. Next, the liquid is heated, and then crushed bitumen is added to the container.

The solution is heated to temperatures from 190 to 200 degrees. In the process of heating, you need to constantly mix the mass. Next, prepare a container that can withstand high temperatures. Its volume is determined by the amount of solution. For small areas, a bucket is suitable. It is enough for several square meters.

Conclusion

So, we figured out how to dilute the bituminous mastic for the foundation. Construction specialists give different advice during the preparation of the insulating material. So, when using gasoline and diesel, lumps may appear. But it is necessary to breed so that the mixture is not excessively liquid - this entails a large consumption of mastic.

Bituminous mastic is a mixture of various substances that glue, cement or fill cracks and holes well, making them completely impervious to water. This putty quickly hardens due to the evaporation of the solvent in its composition, or due to chemicals mixed in the process of its preparation for work.

More often, this material is used to create seamless coatings during work related to the repair and installation of roofs. Mastic is relevant for paving, waterproofing or vapor barrier of floors in bathrooms, showers or rooms with pools.

Mastic indoors

In order for the mastic not to lose its properties, or vice versa, the useful capabilities of the mixture have improved, it should be properly diluted.

Depending on the type of coating, the proportions change, as does the density of the mastic, otherwise it will not stay on the surface until it dries completely if applied to the ceiling.

Depending on the type of mastic used, the substances that dissolve / dilute it also change.

These substances include:

gasoline or kerosene;
White Spirit;
Gasoline galosh.

The proportions correspond to the volume of mastic used, their violation leads to slow drying or to increased fluidity of the resulting solution. And as a result - to reduce adhesion or useful properties of the applied solution. It will not become a reliable protection, passing moisture.

How to properly dilute and prepare the solution

Another important point that affects how the mastic should be diluted is the method of application to the surface. It:

Manual application method;
Mechanized method by means of special devices.

The first method is relevant if the volume and scope of work are small, and the second is better to use when a large area has to be processed.

The second method is also more convenient if hard-to-reach places are treated with mastic.

Automatic mastic application

A mandatory procedure is the preparation of the surface where the bituminous mastic will be applied. If the surface peels off, it is cleaned, then dried, a primer layer is applied to interact with the mastic. Such a primer is sold under the name of a bituminous primer, which is purchased or prepared with one's own hands.

For its preparation, several pieces of pure bitumen are taken, diluted with gasoline or used engine oil.

To do this, gasoline / oil is first poured into a container, heated, and then crushed bitumen is added.

The mixture is heated to a temperature of 190-200 degrees, while it is constantly stirred. Take a quality container that can withstand a similar temperature. The volume of the container is determined by the volume of the mixture that is to be used. If the area is small, a bucket is enough, but if it is several squares, then the capacity should be appropriate, or the cooking process will have to be carried out several times.

Application nuances

The prepared mixture is applied with a brush or roller, depending on the complexity and volume of work. In more rare cases, for application, the mastic is scooped up with a wide spatula.

Work order:

The material is applied overlapping so that the layers overlap each other by 5-10 cm.

Application with a spatula

A new layer is applied after the previous one has cooled slightly.
For rooms where there is a swimming pool, or for roofing, 2-4 layers of such insulation are used, which are then reinforced with fiberglass and additionally insulated.

Consumption of mastic and its effect on cooking

The consumption of mastic, which uses crumb rubber or rubber, depends on how many layers are planned to be applied. The consumption is also affected by the type of work, the surface on which the mastic will be applied, and the thickness of each layer.

If bituminous mastic is used as the main insulation layer on the roof, then the thickness of this layer is 10 mm, and the consumption is 16 kg per 1 sq. meter. In this case, 3-4 layers are used for the roof.

If it is necessary to process and protect ordinary water and other pipes from corrosion, moisture or other negative environmental influences, then use bituminous mastic applied in 2 layers. For dilution in this case, oil is used.

To dilute the mastic, not only gasoline / oil is used, but also turpentine. Any organic solvent will do. Do not use ordinary acetone or its types. Some dilute mastic with diesel fuel, but in this case the composition is heterogeneous, plus the cooking process is delayed. But in this case, it is guaranteed that the resulting solution will qualitatively seal all the pores and roughness, since the best adhesion and insulation is achieved in the liquid state. Mastic diluted with diesel fuel dries faster, as diesel fuel evaporates quickly.

liquid mastic

Consider that diesel fuel is harmful to the paintwork, it will subsequently peel off. If it is planned to use further coloring, diesel fuel is not used.

There are several subtleties in the cooking process using gasoline, diesel fuel. The fact is that small lumps appear in the mixture from them. But if the type of work allows such a small defect, then it's okay. If you plan to use bituminous mastic for application to the car body, then it is better to prefer white spirit.

Correct proportions and cooking rules

As for the rationing of proportions, which the builder should be guided by when preparing the mixture, they are different.

It is taken into account that the boiler used for cooking the composition is not loaded with more than 70 percent, otherwise the mixture will splash out during the cooking process and it is inconvenient to interfere with it.

The boiler for cooking is not installed above the fire, but nearby, best of all on a special stand

It is not worth exceeding the cooking temperature, otherwise the bitumen will decompose. It is not recommended to allow large temperature drops, otherwise the mixture will turn out to be heterogeneous in composition.

To understand that overheating is strong, just look into the boiler - the appearance of characteristic yellow or green bubbles will indicate this.

First, gasoline or another liquid is added to the boiler, which is used to dilute the bitumen mixture, bitumen is placed in small portions, then the mixture is thoroughly mixed until completely dissolved.

Builders in the preparation of the mixture are guided by their own experience. They determine the readiness of the mixture by its density. Strong dilution leads to the fact that the mastic will become a primer, and this is not welcomed by customers, since the consumption of materials for the primer is higher than for the mastic. The problem will be exacerbated if the expense and the need to use mastic were specified in advance.

Homogeneity is considered the main criterion for the prepared solution.

For storage, bituminous mastic is poured without filler into ordinary plastic bottles, closed. So it is stored indefinitely. If necessary, it is squeezed out of the bottle.

In contact with

Bituminous mastic is used in construction, it is used as a waterproofing material. In the manufacture of mastic put various additives that change the properties of the composition. In order to qualitatively prepare the composition, you first need to determine for what purposes it will be used.

Mastic has differences that depend on the additives used in the manufacture of the composition.

Mastics differ in the feature of use, the hot material is heated to 160 degrees, and only then they begin to apply it to the surface for waterproofing. When the temperature rises to this level, the bitumen becomes plastic, and is easy to apply.

Cold-type compositions differ in application technology, the mastic is diluted with a special solvent, it is not necessary to heat it. After the material hardens, the solvent elements evaporate. Bitumen in liquid form must be smeared all at once, after opening, otherwise it will simply dry out.

Also, the materials differ in the type of use, the compositions are single-component and two-component. The composition of the first type can be immediately applied to the surface, after opening the container, but the material must be used all at once, otherwise it will harden and become unsuitable for further use. This type of mastic does not require any additives, it is immediately ready for application.

The composition of the two-component type must first be prepared, and then proceed with the application, while the coating has the best qualities.

What additives are used to dilute bituminous mastic?

Before diluting bitumen mastic, you need to determine what functions it should perform, so the material can be of the following types: bitumen-rubber, bitumen-polyurethane, bitumen-oil, bitumen-latex, and bitumen-rubber. These materials are based on bitumen, and polymer additives are used as auxiliary elements, depending on which the properties of the mastic change.

Polyurethane and rubber additives make the composition more elastic, the mastic has the ability to stretch, while cracks and breaks do not form.

Oil-like elements prevent the composition from hardening, with such mastics they protect pipes and other communications from moisture penetration. Such material is not suitable for roofing work.

When adding crumb rubber, durable and reliable coatings are formed that have a long service life. Such a composition can be used for any surface, it is resistant to vibration, stretching, and mechanical damage, capable of withstanding a significant load. Such mastic can be used to protect the roof, wooden and metal structures. It dries throughout the day, and full strength is achieved in a week.

If rubber is added, then the composition can be used cold, heating it is not required, while the surface will be homogeneous and uniform.

How is bituminous mastic diluted?

The mastic is applied to the surface at temperatures from -10 to +50 degrees, first it must be well mixed. To simplify application, bituminous mastic can be diluted with a special organic solvent, such as toluene, gasoline or white spirit. Such solvents are used if the mastic is too thick and difficult to work with, the elements must be introduced gradually, while the composition is well mixed. The solvent in the mixture should not be more than 20 percent, otherwise the composition will be of poor quality. These solvents clean the working tools that were used to apply bituminous mastic.

How to apply bituminous mastic?

Bituminous mastic is applied in two ways: manual and mechanical. When using a sprayer, the application is better. The first method is used if the surface is small. And sprayers are used to treat surfaces of considerable size. This method of application is of higher quality, and makes it possible to repair hard-to-reach areas. Thus, mastic is applied to the surface of the walls and roof. This composition includes crumb rubber, thanks to this, the mastic becomes elastic and durable, resistant to external influences.

First, the surface is cleaned of dirt and delamination, if any. All defects in the form of cracks and chips must be covered up, that is, everything should be leveled, then dried, and a primer composition in the form of a bitumen primer should be applied. You can buy it or make it yourself:

Gasoline or engine oil is heated in a container, after which small pieces of bitumen are gradually added.
Then the composition is heated to a temperature of 200 degrees, and constantly mixed.

A bituminous type mastic is applied with a sprayer, roller or brush, it depends on the volume of the surface to be covered. The composition is applied in strips that overlap, it should be no more than 10 centimeters. After the first application has dried, a second layer is applied. If the thickness of the mastic reaches 4 layers, then reinforcement using fiberglass is required.

If the surface is wet, then the material will be difficult to work with. Mastic is well applied to a dry and warm surface, with a hard type brush or spray. The layer thickness should not be less than 2 mm. When working with mastic in the heat, it is applied in several thin layers.

When bubbles form, they are cut, dried, and filled with mastic using fiberglass.

Bituminous mastic consumption

The amount of spent mastic with the addition of crumb rubber and rubber will depend on the thickness of the layer, and how many of them will be applied. For example, if it is required to glue the roofing material, then the consumption will be up to 800 g per m2.

If the material is used as insulation, then with a layer of 10 millimeters, it takes up to 18 kilograms per m2. With a latex additive, the material consumption will be up to 7 kilograms per m2.

The consumption of material for insulating surfaces is not small, but the coating is of high quality. If the insulation is performed in one layer, for example, for basements, foundations and other structures, then the consumption of mastic with latex will be up to 7 kilograms per m2. For roofing, up to 4 layers are usually made, while a special reinforcing mesh is used. When using mastic with the addition of oils, the consumption is up to 1.5 kilograms, if two layers are applied, then up to 3.

Bituminous mastic is used for various purposes: roofing surfaces, roof repairs, filling joints and joints, protection and waterproofing of various surfaces.

In order to dilute the mastic of a bituminous type, solvent, toluene, gasoline, white spirit are used, in extreme cases, kerosene can be used. Some formulations can be diluted with regular or used oil. Before diluting the composition, it must be heated. Such a surface will dry a little longer than without dilution.

Bituminous mastics may contain various additives that change the properties of the composition, for example, crumb rubber or rubber contribute to the elasticity of the material, it is not susceptible to cracks and damage during stretching. If the mastic of the bituminous type is too thick, and it is difficult to apply, then the composition is diluted to the required consistency using organic solvents. Applying the material mechanically is of higher quality, as it allows the composition to evenly lay down on the surface and process hard-to-reach areas.

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How and from what to cook bitumen for pouring the roof of the garage, what proportions are needed?

Such a building material as bitumen has been used for pouring roofs for a very long time. Perhaps the reason for the popularity of bitumen is its cheapness. But preferring it to other more expensive materials, do not forget that bitumen is short-lived. Direct sunlight and rays are especially dangerous for him, from this he begins to melt and flow. And in winter, it cracks from severe frosts and this may cause leaks in the roof of the garage.

But if you still decide to use such a building material as bitumen, then consider the process of preparing it for pouring.

In order to prepare about 10 kg of bituminous mastic, you will need:

8.5 kg bitumen
1 kg of filler (it can be peat chips, asbestos, chalk sawdust, crushed mineral wool, etc.)
0.5 kg of used crankcase oil.

It is best to cook the bituminous mixture in a thick-walled boiler with a tightly closed lid. Bitumen can burn in thin-walled containers.

Bitumen should be heated gradually over low heat.

The heating temperature of bitumen ranges from 160-200 degrees. Heat up for 1-3 hours depending on the heating temperature, the higher it is, the less we heat the bitumen.

At a temperature above the specified maximum (220 and above), coke is formed in the bitumen, which significantly worsens the properties of the bitumen (it can crack).

The surest sign of bitumen overheating is the appearance of green-yellow smoke and bubbles.

We cook the bitumen until a homogeneous state and the appearance of a glossy surface.

After that, remove it from the heat and add filler and crankcase oil in small portions. And immediately, with hot bitumen, we begin to carefully pour the roof of the garage, which by this moment should be thoroughly cleaned of all kinds of contaminants, dried and prepared for pouring.

How to dissolve bitumen - we act carefully and accurately

When applying bitumen, we use kvatch or we apply bitumen in bulk.

Then a roofing material is glued onto the hot bitumen in order to prevent overheating of the bitumen in the sun in the future.

You can cook bitumen for pouring roofs yourself on a fire, take a barrel or a large pan (since bitumen usually needs a lot), take 10 kg of resin, a liter of mining (engine oil, can be purchased at service stations) and a kilogram of construction chalk.

We put the bricks on the edge, a container on it, resin in the container (put about a couple of kilos, and then put the rest when melted), kindle a fire under the container using small chips (try to keep the fire small so that the resin melts and does not boil around not straightened pieces.

As soon as the resin melts a little bit, we fill in the chalk and pour in the mining, mix thoroughly - everything is ready, you can tar the roof and glue the roofing material.

The prepared bitumen, when cooled, will solidify in a container, it can be reheated and used.

Filling the roof with bitumen is a necessary thing and you need to do this work so that you don’t return to it for a long time, so that there are no leaks. And this is done simply in the old fashioned way, if I may say so. We take a large old container - for example, an iron barrel, throw pieces of bitumen into it (it’s better to make smaller pieces), put it on a tripod and set fire to a blowtorch, let the bitumen melt completely. Then we add mining to the bitumen (this is used engine oil), mix thoroughly and then chalk and also stir. The proportions are: 10 kg. bitumen; ! liter of mining; 1 kg of chalk.

Bituminous mastic for waterproofing the foundation with your own hands

We prepare mastic and primer