Finishing putty for outdoor work. The use of facade putty and its features. Specifications include

Types of putties on the basis
Solution preparation
Finishing work
Popular manufacturers

Facade putty is a building mixture designed to give the outer surface of the building - the facade - the ideal smoothness necessary for high-quality application of decorative finishes.

This material is often called and somewhat differently - putty, but both terms denote the same concept. They come from the German word Spachtel, which is translated into Russian as "shovel".

Putty for outdoor work is used almost everywhere, since it is impossible to lay the walls of a building perfectly even.

In addition to leveling the surface of the walls, the task of facade putties is to protect them from external influences. You can buy this material both in finished form (paste-like mixture) and in the form of a dry powder. In the latter case, the preparation of putty has to be done by hand.

Classification of putties by purpose

All types of facade putties belong to finely dispersed materials, but depending on the purpose, they can consist of fractions of various sizes.

In addition, ready-made solutions designed for different tasks may differ in consistency. On this basis, all mixtures for facade work are divided into several groups:

Starting (base or leveling) putty.
Finishing putty. The finishing facade putty is a mixture with a finer grain than the starting one. In addition, the finished solution should have a more liquid consistency. Finishing putties are used for the final alignment of the walls with giving them a perfectly smooth and even surface, which is extremely important for the subsequent decorative finishing of the facade of the house. The mixture is applied in a thin layer, not exceeding 4 mm in thickness. In terms of strength, the facade putty for finishing work is inferior to the starting one, but it is very well polished and is more pliable.
Universal putty. This finishing material combines the advantages of the 2 varieties described above, but it is not used for puttying the facade.
Decorative putty. The creation of textured decor elements or stucco moldings on the outside of the building is carried out using this type of facade putty.
Wood putty. It is used to give smoothness and protection against climatic influences of wooden walls or walls with wooden paneling.

The technical characteristics of facade putties are determined by the intensity of atmospheric influences on the outer surfaces of the house.

They must have vapor permeability, moisture resistance, frost resistance, elasticity (elastic putty tolerates wall shrinkage and changes in their size due to temperature changes).

On the facade leveled with putty, paint, tile, enamel, mosaic, etc. can be applied.

Types of putties on the basis

Since all types of facade putties are assigned the functions of a protective barrier, they must have a sufficiently reliable basis. For this purpose, cement or polymer components are used. Let's consider both options in more detail:

Facade cement putty is characterized by high resistance to moisture and low temperatures.

In addition, it has good strength, so it almost never cracks when it dries. For the manufacture of cement-based starting putty mixtures, quartz sand is used, crushed to 0.5-0.6 mm. The composition of the finishing facade putty may include the following components:

limestone flour with granule sizes up to 0.2 mm;
ground quartz sand (marshalite);
marble dust (microcalcite).

To improve the technical characteristics of this finishing material, its composition is enriched with chemical additives. Cement putty for facade surfaces can have a beige, yellowish or gray tint.

White cement putty is currently not produced, since expensive bleaches have to be used for its production.

For home craftsmen who want to finish the walls of the house with their own hands, before buying cement-based putty, masters recommend paying attention to such aspects:

brand of cement;
compressive strength;
the level of adhesion with the material to be finished.

Polymer-based putties

Polymer binders serve as the basis for a number of facade putties. All of them can be conditionally divided into two large groups:

Acrylic putties. All brands of acrylic putties are made on the basis of acrylate-siloxane mixtures. They are excellent for both basic and finishing exterior surfaces of buildings and structures. Acrylic-based mixes do not need to be diluted with water, they are easy to apply and work well. After laying, the material is leveled to a thin layer about 2 mm thick.
Latex putties. This type of polymer putty is not used for finishing facades.

All putties for outdoor use, having a polymer base, have a number of advantages:

strength;
durability;
plastic;
fast setting;
no shrinkage;
no smell.

There are also special mixtures used, for example, for finishing polyurethane.

Solution preparation

Modern manufacturers of building materials practice 2 forms of supply of putties for all types of work: in the form of a ready-mix and dry powder.

In the 1st case, the material is supplied in hermetically sealed plastic buckets, in the 2nd case - in paper or plastic bags of various sizes.

Before finishing work from powdered putty, it is necessary to prepare a solution.

The preparation process is quite simple: the dry mixture is diluted with water (the consumption of water and powder must correspond to the recipe on the package), then it is thoroughly mixed with a drill with a special nozzle to a creamy consistency and allowed to brew for several minutes.

The volume of one serving of the mixture should not be too large, since most brands of facade putties retain their working qualities for only three hours.

In order to determine the optimal amount of the prepared solution, the master should start work with a small portion, determining his own hourly productivity by area and putty consumption per 1 m2 of the treated surface.

Finishing work

Finishing work on the facade of the building is recommended to begin after shrinkage of the foundation. On average, this process takes about a year. Wall decoration requires effort and diligence, you should be prepared for the fact that at least 2 layers of base mortar will be needed for satisfactory quality.

Even the most experienced and qualified master will not be able to get by with just 1 layer. The optimum air temperature for outdoor finishing work is 5-20°C, the maximum allowable relative humidity is 80%.

Operations are performed in the following sequence:

The surface of the wall is cleaned of dust, dirt, remnants of old finishes and oil stains. If there are places with cracked plaster, it must also be removed.
A deep penetration primer is applied to the cleaned wall, it must dry completely before the next operation.
On the treated surface, individual defects are sealed with a starting putty: depressions, cracks, dents. After that, the material is allowed to dry.
A portion of putty is applied to a section of the wall, and then leveled. As tools, it is best to use a construction grater and 2 metal spatulas. It is important to note that facade putty must be used in its pure form, it cannot be mixed with paint, glue or other dry mixtures.
After drying, the 1st layer of putty is primed in order to improve the adhesion of subsequent layers to it.
The starting putty is applied in layers until the surface of the facade is completely leveled. The maximum thickness of individual layers is 4 mm. Each subsequent layer is applied only after the previous one has dried. The average consumption of starting putty per 1m2 is 11-15 liters.
At the final stage, a finishing layer is laid and leveled on top of the base putty, which should be sanded after drying. The approximate consumption of finishing putty per 1m2 is 4 liters.

Putty should not be applied to heated surfaces. During finishing work, it should not be exposed to direct sunlight, rain or splashes.

In order to protect the freshly applied solution from atmospheric moisture, the finished facade surface is covered with a plastic film until it dries completely.

Popular manufacturers

Knauf (Germany)

Knauf putties for outdoor use are a high-quality building material used both for finishing new and for restoring old facade surfaces.

Moisture-resistant mixes Knauf-unterputts, Knauf-zokelputts and Knauf-grunband are very popular. Water consumption per 1 kg of dry mixture is 300 g.

Drying time:

at a temperature of 20°C - 3 days;
at a temperature of 10 ° C - 1 day.

Freshly prepared solution should be used within 3 hours.

Color: grey.

All putties of this brand are frost-resistant.

The price of a standard volume package is 300-350 rubles.

Vetonit (Finland)

Polymeric putties for outdoor work of this brand have proven themselves, therefore they are in rather high demand in the domestic construction market.

Mixtures for rough work consist of granules up to 0.3 mm in size, decorative white putty - from 0.5 to 1.5 mm. Solutions are very easy to prepare.

They do not lose their working qualities for a long time, which allows the master to do the work carefully and without undue haste. The polymer filler provides a minimum consumption of finishing material even with a large number of defects on the treated surface.

For climatic conditions with a high content of atmospheric moisture, the manufacturer recommends the use of acrylic putty. This material is characterized by good adhesion not only to concrete, but also to wooden substrates.

White acrylic putty has elasticity combined with good strength, it is very convenient for sealing large defects, seams and joints.

Among the advantages of the material is high wear resistance and no smell. Thanks to the polymer base, when using Vetonit putties, it is very easy to achieve a uniform distribution of the layer.

The price of a package weighing 5 kg is 250-270 rubles.

Ceresit

One of those brands that needs no introduction. Ceresit supplies the domestic construction market with the widest range of products, including many grades of putty for all types of work.

The approximate price of a package of 25 kg is 700-750 rubles.

"Prospectors"

A very popular putty brand in our country, the attractive side of which is a successful combination of good quality and affordable cost.

Great for people with little experience who want to learn how to do facade decoration with their own hands. Putty brand "Starateli" can be used both for its intended purpose and as a budget alternative to facade paint (you can add paint of any color to the finished solution, which has a beige tint).

At the same time, painting the facade with a composition based on this putty is 10 times cheaper than the same operation using the most inexpensive paint for facades.

The approximate price of a standard package is in the range of 200-300 rubles.

In addition to those listed, the following brands can be noted:

"Bolars" (the price of a package of a standard volume is 300-350 rubles);
"Volma" (buying a 25-kilogram bag will cost 400 rubles);
"Glims" (the average price of a package weighing 20 kg is 400 rubles).

Now you can easily choose a putty, depending on the goals and conditions of the repair.

Building a house involves the use of many materials. Before finishing the facades of buildings, it is not possible to do without leveling the walls and sealing cracks. Putty is used for this. It is often confused with plaster, but these are two different compositions.

Putty is a powder or liquid mixture that is able to even out small surface irregularities and give it an aesthetic appearance. It is applied to surfaces previously treated with a primer. For outdoor work, facade putties are used. A distinctive feature of their solutions is resistance to cracking.

The composition of the material and what are they for?

Strength and performance characteristics depend on its formulation. There are several types of this material, but each of them has common components:

mineral fillers;
plasticizers;
cement or plaster;
modifying additives.

The plasticity of the solution, adhesion to the treated surface, and resistance to external aggressive environments will depend on the variety of the latter. Often, as additives, adhesives, laundry soap, varnishes, drying oil, chalk and gypsum are introduced into the putty solution. They are selected depending on the operating conditions of the solution.

You can find out how long the putty dries in this article.

Facade putty is used not only to level the outer walls, but it can also be used to process their inner side. Before applying it, the surface must be cleaned of dust and primed. Today, there are mixtures on sale in which a primer is already present, they can be immediately puttied on the surface without prior preparation. The composition is applied in a multilayer method, allowing the previous layer of putty to dry. Then, after the last layer has dried, it is treated with coarse sandpaper or a metal brush.

You can determine the consumption of finishing putty per 1m2 for plaster in this article.

On the video - facade putty for outdoor work:

What wood putty looks like for outdoor work, you can see by reading this article.

It comes in base and finish. The first goes as a basis for the subsequent application of building materials, and the finish is applied at the final stage. Most often it is used to prepare exterior walls for subsequent painting. It is waterproof and frost resistant.

Putty with water-repellent effect prevents the appearance of condensation on the walls, resulting from the ingress of rain and fumes on the surface. Its advantages are:

ease and speed of application;
distribution uniformity;
protection of concrete structures from moisture;
compatibility with various types of plaster.

A frost-resistant version of concrete putty is used to seal cracks and chips on the surface of buildings. It makes the building resistant to low temperatures. Its opposite is heat-resistant putty, which is also popular.

How the finishing putty is applied under the wallpaper is indicated in the article.

Varieties by composition

Depending on which component is the main one, the following types are distinguished:

cement;
acrylic;
latex;
silicate;
oil-adhesive;
plaster;
silicone.

Cement

cement putty used for concrete structures if they have deep cracks. This mixture is sold in dry form, diluted with water before use. It must be kept away from moisture. It is of three types:

starting;
universal;
finishing.

The starting composition includes quartz sand, and the finishing composition is made from marble dust and marshalite. Special additives improve their properties.

How putty for a wooden floor looks like is indicated in this article.

The advantage of these materials is:

resistance to temperature extremes;
affordable cost;
ease of working with them.

shrinkage;
over time, cracks may appear on their surface.

Acrylic

Acrylic putty is used not only for leveling walls, but also for decorating them. It comes in liquid form and can be applied directly to walls. It can be applied to absolutely any surface. It happens finishing and leveling.

Here it is described how the finishing putty under the wallpaper is applied.

Due to the plastic structure, acrylic compounds are well applied and do not peel off during operation. The permissible layer thickness of such putty is 1-3 mm. Before its application, the surface must be prepared and primed.

Pros:

moisture resistance of the material;
elasticity;
high strength;
ease of application.

What is the difference between gypsum plaster and putty can be found in this article.

Minuses:

not able to eliminate deep cracks at a time;
grinding of its frozen surface must be carried out in a respirator.

Latex

Latex (acrylate) putty is suitable for application on exterior walls due to its improved moisture and frost resistance. Produced in paste form.

Pros:

easy application;
plastic;
high protective characteristics;
durability.

How latex putty for walls is used is indicated in this article.

Minus:

high price.

silicate

Silicate putties are a mineral type of facade solutions. Their basis is liquid glass. The compositions can be purchased in the form of ready-made masses. They are characterized by high vapor permeability, so this type of putty is used for walls made of shell rock and cellular concrete. This type protects the material from moisture and dust accumulation, as it has neutral electrostaticity.

Pros:

used on walls where other putties cannot be used due to low vapor permeability;
perfectly protect the surface from moisture.

Minus:

their surface often suffers from cracks.

How the finishing putty for painting is used and what its price is indicated in this article.

Oil-glue

Oil-adhesive compositions are the oldest solutions used for wall cladding. They protect the surface from external aggressive factors, protect it from loss of performance. Due to the dense composition during their application, a situation may arise with the heterogeneity of the layer, pieces of the solution often fall off the walls. This is due to the large specific gravity of the mixture compared to other putties.

A plus:

high protective properties;
low price.

Minus:

high weight and density;
more often they are used to treat the floor than the walls.

Gypsum

Gypsum putties are used for almost any surface and conditions. Their properties depend on the type of polymer additives. For example, polystyrene increases the frost resistance of the composition, and latex helps it resist moisture. It does not shrink, so it does not crack when dried. Available in powder and liquid form, the latter is more expensive.

Pros:

high technical characteristics;
a wide range of applications;
durability;
plasticity, it is easy to process places with deep cracks;
affordable price.

Minus:

it is better not to use it in its pure form, it is necessary to buy a solution in which additives are present.

Silicone

Silicone putties are the most stable and expensive solutions. They are elastic, have high vapor permeability and strength. They have the ability to self-clean. They are well applied to the surface with a thin layer, maintain the uniformity of the mass.

Pros:

plastic;
vapor permeability;
after rain, the surfaces covered with them are covered, cleaned of dust and dirt;
unlimited variety of colors.

Minuses:

high price.

Overview of the best manufacturers, the cost of their products

It is very difficult to do without this material during construction, it is in great demand, so many manufacturers specialize in it. Leading firms can be distinguished among them.

Differs in high strength properties, is practical in application, is simply put. It can be used without difficulty even by a beginner. This company presents a wide range of gypsum varieties with various polymer additives.

Supplied in 25 and 30 kg packages. Their cost varies from 300 to 400 rubles.

Cerisite putty is used for leveling cement, brick, lime exterior and interior surfaces. It is applied only in the warm period. All the resulting composition should be used up within an hour. The maximum layer thickness is 20 mm. It has high strength and frost resistance. Has a long service life. The cost of 25 kg of the product is in the range of 700-750 rubles.

Prospectors

Affordable and high-quality material, the application of which does not require special skills and labor costs. Evenly distributed over the surface. It closes up serious cracks and chips. Differs in reliability. Putty weighing 20 kg can be purchased for 200-250 rubles.

This is a domestic manufacturer. The range of its compositions and their colors is impressive. The solution is easy to apply, neatly closes irregularities and is evenly distributed, thanks to which it is economically used. The price of 25 kg of packaging varies from 300 to 350 rubles.

There is a start and finish version of the solution. They have high frost and moisture resistance. They level the walls and cover up wide and deep cracks. The minimum layer thickness is 4 cm, the maximum is 20. The material hardens in a day. It has polymer additives, suitable for any type of surface. It can be purchased for an average of 450 rubles.

Reliable option. This company has been producing building materials for 350 years. Its putty is distinguished by its ability to close up wide and deep potholes well. The cost of a 25 kilogram package ranges from 550 to 590 rubles.

Strong and reliable mixture at an affordable price. It is easy to apply and has a long service life. A package of 20 kg is on average 400 rubles.

Produced at the Volgograd gypsum plant. Facade putty goes under two names: "Socle" and "Akvaplast". This is a budget material that is reliable, dries quickly without shrinkage. The cost of 25 kg of packaging is on average 400 rubles.

Putty is supplied in ready-made liquid form. Easy to apply, strong and durable. Possesses excellent adhesion and operational properties after drying. Supplied in a plastic bucket with a volume of 28 kg, its price is 1400 rubles.

The choice of one of the types of putty will depend on the material of the facade of the building and the required properties. Before buying, you should evaluate the characteristics of the selected type and reviews about its manufacturer. You should choose proven and reliable companies. The ideal option would be a practical, durable and inexpensive facade putty.

Facade putties are building mixtures specially designed to create optimally smooth surfaces and the subsequent application of a finishing decorative finishing layer. The terms putty and putty combine one concept and are of German origin, so both designations can be found in different sources. The task of high-quality putty is not only to level the surface, but also to maximize the protection of external walls from the negative effects of external factors.

Puttying the facade with your own hands

Classification by purpose

Finely dispersed facade finishing materials, depending on the purpose, can be represented by compositions of different size fractions and consistency:

the starting version of the putty, better known as the base or leveling mixture;
finishing version of fine-grained putty with respect to liquid consistency;
decorative version of putty, allowing you to create textured decorative elements;
wood putty used to level and protect wooden surfaces.

Depending on the intensity of the impact of external factors, not only the compositions, but also the technical characteristics of facade putty mixtures can vary. High-quality putty must be vapor-permeable, moisture-resistant, frost-resistant and sufficiently elastic, which will allow you to complete the work by applying paint, decorative tiles, enamels, mosaics or other finishing materials.

Putties differ in composition and characteristics

The base and finish mixture can be waterproof, frost-resistant and heat-resistant:

mixtures with water-repellent qualities minimize the risk of condensation on the surface, which can occur under the influence of rain and evaporation. This putty is distinguished by simple and quick application, uniform distribution, compatibility with other types of finishing materials;
frost-resistant mixtures are used when sealing cracks or chips, and increase the resistance of the surface to low-temperature conditions;
heat-resistant compounds combine excellent adhesive properties and have proven themselves when processing surfaces exposed to high temperatures.

Putties not only hide irregularities, but also perform protective functions for the facade

Using putty - photo

Composition classification

Each putty mixture is characterized by a composition strictly established by the production technology, the main component of which allows us to distinguish several varieties that have certain advantages and disadvantages.

Cement	Concrete surfaces with deep cracks. Starting, universal and finishing versions are produced, differing in additives.	Resistance to temperature changes, reasonable price, ease of work.	Shrinkage occurs, cracking of the layer may occur.
Acrylic	The liquid version levels and decorates the surface. It is applied with a thickness of 0.1-0.3 cm on a properly prepared and primed surface in advance.	Good moisture resistant material with a high level of strength and elasticity.	Unsuitable for quick repair of deep cracks, grinding requires the use of a respirator.
Latex	The pasty composition has improved moisture resistance and good frost resistance.	Ease of application, high level of plasticity and good protective qualities, durability.	Not very affordable price.
silicate	A mineral version of a facade mixture based on liquid glass, produced in a ready-to-use form. Suitable for work on surfaces represented by shell rock and cellular concrete.	High vapor permeability, serves as protection against moisture and dust, has neutral electrostatic indicators.	A minimal violation of the application technology can provoke the appearance of cracks.
Oil-glue	A high level of composition density can affect the uniformity of the applied layer, so certain skills in finishing work are required.	Budget option with high protective properties.	Significant mass and high density, inconvenience of application on vertical surfaces.
Gypsum	The presence of polystyrene in the composition indicates frost resistance, and latex additives improve water-repellent properties. The mixture can be presented in powder and liquid form.	Durable and plastic material with an affordable price and excellent technical characteristics.	Cons are practically absent when using high-quality material from official manufacturers.
Silicone	Elastic material with high vapor permeability and strength. It is applied in a thin and uniform layer.	Plastic and vapor-permeable composition in a variety of colors.	Too high cost.

Ceresit CT 225. Finishing putty for exterior and interior work

Self-preparation of putty

If there is a need to save money on the purchase of factory mixtures, it makes sense to prepare the putty yourself:

to level concrete, relatively flat surfaces, it is recommended to prepare a gypsum-chalk mixture by mixing three parts of chalk and a part of gypsum. With uniform mixing, bulk ingredients should be gradually poured into a 5% solution based on wood glue. Homemade solution, mixed until smooth, is characterized by rapid solidification and should be used immediately after preparation;

Gypsum-chalk putty, mixing

to level the wooden facade, it is desirable to use an oil mixture, in the manufacture of which a couple of kilograms of drying oil and four kilograms of chalk are mixed, with the addition of a quarter kilogram of desiccant. The composition brought to a boil must be cooled to room temperature.

What are desiccants

Construction chalk, calcium carbonate

It should be remembered that the consumption of self-prepared putty will be higher than when applying ready-made mixtures of factory production.

Preparation of a working tool

To carry out puttying work, you will need to purchase some tools that make it easier to apply and get the most even, smooth surface:

a fairly wide brush with soft bristles or a roller, through which the facade surface is primed;

Brush brush

Rollers for priming walls

a construction mixer or an electric drill with a nozzle for high-quality mixing of the putty mixture;

Construction mixer

several spatulas of different sizes, allowing you to process both large areas of the facade, as well as corners or hard-to-reach areas.

If paint is supposed to be used as a finish on the facade, then the surface must be absolutely even and smooth, so a well-dried layer of putty will need to be rubbed with a special fine-grained mesh.

Grid for putty grouting

Surface preparation

Regardless of the type, putty must be applied to an absolutely clean, dry and pre-primed surface. It is best to use primer options for puttying, which will allow you not to plaster the surface. Universal primers can be used on any surface, but many experts consider such materials to be ineffective, so they prefer to use special formulations:

antiseptic primers protect the surface from fungus;
Antiseptic primer for indoor and outdoor use
anti-corrosion primers prevent rust on metal surfaces;
Alkyd anticorrosive primer GF-021 GOST 25129-82 for metal
alkyd primers are good for woodworking;
Alkyd primer for wood «BASE»
acrylic primers are best for concrete and brick;
acrylic primer
Phenolic primers are optimal for metal surfaces.

Primers FL-03K and FL-03Zh. Technical information. Download file

Primers FL-03K and FL-03Zh

Step-by-step instructions for preliminary preparation of the facade surface for applying the starting putty layer.

Step 1. We remove all external facade decor elements and antennas that may interfere with the priming process.

Step 2 We fix all loose fitting elements on the facade surface or completely remove them.

Facade surface preparation

Step 3. We clean the outer surface from dust accumulations with a wet or dry brush with medium-hard bristles.

Facade cleaning

Step 4 We remove heavy dirt and layers of fatty deposits on the surface with a damp cloth. Too strong dirt and paint residues can be removed with solvents, after which the surface is washed with clean water.

Step 5 Using a construction roller, carefully apply the prepared primer solution in a thin but even layer.

Spray primer

Priming with a brush

Roller priming

Depending on the composition and weather conditions, the drying process of the primer can take from four hours to a day or more.

Technology of application of the starting layer

Starting mixtures are coarser and coarser. They are used for rough finishing of the facade and have good adhesion with concrete, lime, brick and other substrates. Allow to fill seams, deep cracks and other large defects.

Starting putty - what is it for and why is it good

Depending on the initial state of the facade, the working solution can be applied in a layer of several millimeters or centimeters. The starting solution is recommended to be applied thinly, but in several tiers. In this case, it is possible to obtain a better finish.

Step 1. We dilute cement and gypsum putty compounds with clean water in the proportion recommended by the manufacturer. Polymer compositions are already ready for use and before application they only need to be mixed.

Solution for putty

Step 2 We collect a small amount of the working solution on the construction spatula, after which we apply it to the surface with a sweeping and fairly wide movement. In the process of application, the spatula must be pressed tightly enough to the surface at a stable angle of inclination.

Large and small spatula

The photo shows how to correctly putty putty on a spatula

Putty application

wall plastering process

Step 3 We immediately smear all the influxes and irregularities with an empty spatula, and also carefully remove the excess mixture.

Wall putty

Step 4 After the solution has hardened, we perform a thorough grinding, which allows us to get rid of minor defects and makes the surface even and as smooth as possible.

grinding

Facades with strong irregularities need to be leveled in several steps.

Self-made quick-hardening formulations or solutions diluted on the basis of dry ready-made mixtures cannot be stored. They are used as soon as possible.

Features of finishing putty

The main features of applying putty on the wall

The composition of the finishing putty mixtures is represented by fine-grained fractions, due to which the processed structure acquires a smooth and durable structure. Coarse-grained putties based on quartz sand or marble chips can also be used, designed to create a relief and highly decorative texture of the facade.

In recent years, the most popular way to decorate the facade of buildings is the option in which putty is used, subsequently pigmented with high-quality coloring compositions. Quite often, this method is combined with facing works with natural or artificial material.

Leveling the finish coat

Finishing putty will improve the quality of subsequent decorative finishes

Facade putty can be applied not only manually, but also mechanically, using special equipment. The disadvantage of mechanical application is the lack of the most even application.

Main manufacturers

Putties on the domestic construction market can be represented by both foreign and Russian manufacturers. Of particular interest to the consumer is the products of the middle price category with high product characteristics.

Dry mix "Plitonit-KF"	Cement	5 mm	72 hours	At +5-30°C
Dry mix "Knauf Multi-Finish"	Cement	1-5 mm	24-72 hours	At +10-20°С
Ceresit CT-225	Cement	1-3 mm	24 hours	At +5-30°C
Dry mix "Glims Finish-R"	Cement-polymer	1-10 mm	24 hours	At +5°C and above
Dry mix "Bolars Finish-Super"	Polymer	0.2-2.0 mm	2 hours	At +5-30°C
Pasta "Bolars empire-facade"	Polymer	1-5 mm	24 hours	At +5-35°С
Pasta "Profi"	Latex	1-5 mm	4 hours	At +5°C and higher
Paste "Holzer Festspachtel Elastisch"	Latex	0.2-3.0mm	10 hours	At +10-30°С

German Knauf cement-based exterior putties are characterized by high frost resistance and moisture resistance, so they will be the best option for finishing the exterior walls of newly erected buildings and restoring old facade surfaces.

Putties Knauf

Finnish acrylic-based Vetonit putty compounds are ideal for working with any concrete or wooden bases, subject to high levels of humidity.

Photo of Vetonit LR putty

Domestic mixtures "Ceresit", "Prospectors" and "Bolars" compare favorably not only with an affordable price, but also with good quality, and also allow you to get a durable coating.

Photo of finishing plaster Prospectors

Puttying work can be done independently even in the absence of building experience, but in this case the following recommendations should not be neglected:

the surface of the facade must be prepared in advance, cleaned with a brush with metal bristles and carefully primed;
moisture-resistant, frost-resistant and embossed putty mixtures can be applied to the facade surface only at positive temperatures;
at negative temperatures, winter putty of the type "Rusean", "Kreps" and "VGT" is subject to use;
Putty VGT
puttying technology may vary depending on the type of material, but the simplest and most affordable way is to apply on beacons, which will allow you to get a layer that is optimal in thickness;
under each putty layer, a deep-impact primer solution must be applied, which helps to increase adhesion between the base and the applied composition;
Choose primer and putty from the same manufacturer
the putty mixture for painting the facade should be white, as gray putties can adversely affect the decorative performance of the finish.
The photo shows modified dry mixes from Ceresit

Ready-to-use putty mixture

It should be noted that in the instructions, all responsible manufacturers always indicate not only the composition of the mixture, but also certain nuances of working with the material. Before purchasing, be sure to make sure that there is a quality certificate for the products sold.

Video - Proper putty for outdoor work

Video - Facade putty PLITONIT Kf white

What facade putty for outdoor use is currently on the market? Let's find out together what types of putty exist, what certain compounds are used for, and what brands make a quality product. And for the homemade ones, I will tell you how to putty the facade of the house for painting with your own hands in two ways.

Puttying the facade is one of the main stages of home improvement.

What does the market offer us?

The question of how to putty the facade is far from idle, because the facade putty for outdoor work can have a different composition, be intended for different types of base and even differ in layers, that is, each layer has its own mixture.

Separation of mixtures according to purpose

Before asking the price of putty and thinking about which one to choose so that the budget does not “crack”, decide for what purposes it is needed:

Starter or base- these compounds are designed for primary leveling of the surface and have good adhesion. But you won’t be able to perfectly align the wall, for example, for painting, the mixture has a too large fraction and no matter how much you grind it, you still can’t achieve gloss. The layer thickness here can reach up to 20 mm;
Finish Lineups– Designed for perfect alignment. Such putties are supposed to be applied over the starting ones, but on a flat wall, for example, on plaster, the finish is applied immediately. The layer thickness does not exceed 4 mm, therefore, the putty consumption per 1 m2 for facade plaster is less, but the price of these mixtures is higher;
Decorative putty- the main purpose of such compositions is the original decoration of the facade, but along with this, they do an excellent job of protecting the walls from weather troubles. The fraction and method of application may differ, but the thickness of the decorative layer, as a rule, does not exceed 5-7 mm;
Compositions for finishing wooden houses now isolated in a separate category, although this is a moot point. It uses exclusively vapor-permeable, waterproof facade putty, because there is moisture both in the atmosphere on the street and in the wood itself.

Decorative putty of the facade can be very diverse.

There are also so-called universal compositions, they combine the advantages of starting and finishing putties, but such mixtures are not used for facade work, their lot is internal surfaces.

Division of mixtures by composition

It directly depends on the components included in the mixture for which surfaces such putty is designed.

Illustrations	Recommendations
	Cement putty. Used for concrete and brick surfaces; Withstands any temperature extremes, has an affordable price and is easy to apply; But it is subject to shrinkage and cracks when dried quickly.
	Acrylic putty. It is mainly represented by finishing compositions, can only be applied to a prepared surface and has a unique strength. The only downside is the price.
	Acrylic putty. Pure latex putty is used in interior work, there are acrylate compounds for facades. Acrylate mixtures are immediately ready for use and are considered perhaps the most waterproof.
	silicate compounds. These compositions are more used in a decorative niche. Focused on cellular concrete and shell rock, although there are models for all types of foundations.
	Oil-adhesive compositions. They have increased frost resistance and affordable price. Often used for finishing wooden houses.
	Silicone plaster. This is another representative of the polymer line, it has good water resistance and can withstand any frost, but the price is high.

Stability of different types of putty in comparison.

Leading manufacturers

Illustrations	Recommendations
	"Prospectors". Dry plastic mix on a cement basis; Does not shrink when dry Can be applied in layers up to 10 mm; Drying time up to 24 hours.
	"Knauf". The German brand produces all types of cement-based dry putty; It is applied in a layer up to 20 mm; Putty consumption per 1m2 for facade plaster 1.2 kg with a layer of 1 mm; Dries in 24 hours.
	VGT. Presented as ready-to-use polymer blends; It is applied in a layer up to 3 mm; Consumption 1.2 kg/m², with a layer thickness of 1 mm; Freezing time up to 8 hours.
	Ceresit. It is represented by perhaps the widest range of compositions, there are both dry and pasty mixtures. The dry mix takes up to 1.8 kg / m², the paste-like finishing compositions leave 1.2 kg / m².
	"Bolars". Domestic development, which competes well with leading foreign manufacturers: moisture resistant; Vapor permeable; It is applied in a layer up to 10 mm; Consumption about 1.8 kg/m²; The dry mixture hardens in 24 hours, the finished paste "Bolars" hardens in 8 hours.

How to finish the facade yourself in two ways

For façade work, the plastering of the façade on plaster and the puttying of the reinforced façade are mainly used. The fact is that the white finishing putty, which is often used for painting, is expensive and is applied in a thin layer of up to 4 mm, so the wall must first be leveled and strengthened, and then puttyed.

Method number 1. We work on lighthouses

This method is most often used for a facade with really curved walls. In this case, it makes no sense to apply starting putty on curved walls, because the consumption per 1 m2 will be huge, it is cheaper to plaster the base with a standard cement-sand mortar in a ratio of 1:4.

Illustrations	Recommendations
	We set up beacons. Planks for lighthouses are better to buy, in this case we took metal profiles, they are cheaper than carbon fiber. We put the planks on plaster cakes; First, 2 extreme strips are installed; Then 2-3 threads are pulled between them; Then, along these threads, the rest of the beacons are set in increments of about 1 m.
	We wet. We work in the summer in the heat, so the wall needs to be moistened with water. In the offseason, you can do without it.
	Priming. In this case, a special primer is not needed. We just mixed a liquid cement-sand mortar and threw it on the wall.
	Examination. We apply a rule to the lighthouses and check that the soil layer does not “peep out” beyond the lighthouses.
	Wall alignment. Now we make a thicker solution and throw it on the wall just above the lighthouses; Further, relying on the beacons, we usually remove the excess mortar, thereby leveling the wall. You should not pay attention to small shells, we will cover them later.
	Removing beacons. Since we are going to putty for painting later, we need to pull out the metal beacons: We hook the strips with a pick and pull them out; We knock down the remaining plaster; We cover the remaining grooves with a solution and level with a grater or trowel.
	Align. Now we need to align the shallow grooves after the rule: We throw a liquid solution on the wall; We take a wide trowel and rub the solution. No need to take long breaks between stages. The solution should set slightly, but in no case dry out.
	We overwrite. Now we bring the surface to the ideal: Spray the wall with water; Immediately wipe the surface with a grater. We perform the grout in a circular motion, slightly pressing the grater.
	We apply soil. The instruction requires treating the wall with primer before puttying, but in such cases I simply moisten fresh wet plaster with water.
	We mix putty. First, pour the required amount of water into the container (indicated on the package); Next, pour the dry mixture; Mix everything with a mixer until a pasty state; Let stand for 5-7 minutes and mix again.
	We put putty on. In small portions, with a narrow spatula, we impose the composition on a wide spatula or trowel and apply the putty in a circular motion. Since our walls are perfectly even, you can immediately putty the finishing composition.
	We grind. You can sand with sandpaper, but the sandpaper quickly clogs, so I recommend pulling a sanding mesh over the block and working. At the end of the sanding, you just have to brush off the dust from the wall, apply primer for painting and, when it dries, paint the house. In theory, the wall after grinding can not be primed, but the paint consumption will increase by a third, and it is more expensive than primer. The video in this article shows the subtleties of the work clearly.

Method number 2. We reinforce the walls

This method is suitable for a facade with even walls, as well as for puttying insulation boards, for example, extruded polystyrene foam.

Illustrations	Recommendations
	Base mix. As a base mix, I use a cement-based facade adhesive. This mixture is frost-resistant and "clings" to the wall tightly. Under brick or concrete, you can take "Moment" it is cheaper, for polystyrene foam it is better to buy "Ceresit-CT83". After kneading, the adhesive is applied to the wall with a notched trowel, with a tooth of 10–12 mm. We move from bottom to top.
	We put a corner. The first is a plastic corner with a reinforcing mesh. After you lightly sink the corner into the solution, check it vertically.
	We fix the grid. Now we cut off an ordinary fiberglass mesh to the size of the wall and, with an overlap over the corner mesh, melt it into the mortar to hold it.
	Primary alignment. Now we need to immerse our mesh completely in the glue mixture. To do this, take a spatula and press the grid with sweeping movements.
	Putty. Now, using the technology described above, we putty the wall. The only difference is that at first we apply and slightly grind the starting coarse-grained composition, and a white finishing putty is already placed on it.

Conclusion

As you can see, facade putty is applied quite simply, the main thing is to choose the right composition for a specific base. If you have any questions, write in the comments, I will try to help.

"Bark beetle" - one of the most common types of putty.

If you want to express gratitude, add a clarification or objection, ask the author something - add a comment or say thanks!

The walls of my friend's house were erected, and Vadik encouraged me to become his teacher once again. Facade putty was purchased in different grades. My house builder wanted to know how it was different and how to apply it correctly.
We started finishing the facade with a dispute about how to write the word “putty” correctly, with the letter K or T. I argued that the test word was “spatula”. My learned friend found its meaning in German - spatula. Many decades ago, having come to Russia, an unknown word was repeated, as it was perceived by ear in someone else's sound - putty. Even the spelling dictionary accepted both words.
The sales assistant in the hardware store judged us. He had both options on his labels. He said with a straight face that the action of leveling surfaces is putty. And the mixture itself, especially the German manufacturers Knauf, Pufas, Rudel and others, is putty. In general, this is plaster for outdoor work. Putty is produced as a finishing treatment of the facade.

Putty is a plaster for outdoor use.

Why putty the facade of the building and the procedure

The materials from which the walls are lined are mostly hygroscopic. Brick and aerated concrete, wood absorb moisture. The solution also gets wet. At the same time, they lose the property of low thermal conductivity and the houses become damp and cold. In winter, the water freezes, and the crystals destroy the wall from the inside.
To protect the walls from rain and sunlight, facade putty is used. The outer layer of the finish has a low thermal conductivity and acts as a heater. At the same time, it is a decorative decoration of the building.

Facade decoration is carried out in several stages:

Installation of thermal insulation, if additional insulation is being done.
Cleaning the surface from dust and coating with a primer.
Carrying out work on rough leveling of the surface with starting putty, mainly cement.
The final finishing of the walls, a waterproof finishing mixture is used, in the northern regions - frost-resistant.
Decorative finishing and painting.

Facade putty is also a decorative decoration of the building

Need to know: In large cities, historical districts, on the territory of architectural monuments, before finishing the facade, it is necessary to issue a Color Passport. Colors and decor must match those specified in the document.

Facade putty is produced in several stages. First, large defects are leveled. Then the finishing putty is applied. The list of works on finishing the facade of the house may include painting. The consumption of materials is calculated per 1 m2 and depends on the size of the irregularities, the characteristics of the mixture itself, its components.
Preparation of walls for outdoor work for all types of facade putties consists in cleaning the surface. All areas where the solution does not hold well and can crumble are removed. The protrusions are falling off. All dirt and dust must be removed. To increase adhesion, it is desirable to prime. The exception is cement putty, under which the wall can simply be slightly moistened.

Facade putty

Necessary qualities of putties for the facade

Putty should:

Have high adhesion and adhere to any material from which the walls are made;
be plastic;
easy to level with a spatula;
harden without cracking;
turn into a solid mass;
easy to clean;
paint well.

Facade puttying

Facade putties have additional characteristics:

waterproof;
frost-resistant;
UV protection;
repels dust.

The main qualities that facade putty has are aimed at protecting the walls of the house from moisture and temperature changes. The microclimate is preserved in the building due to the low thermal conductivity of the protective layer. The walls breathe and stay dry because no dew forms inside the wall. Protection against UV rays keeps the bright color of the paint for a long time. Walls do not require constant cleaning from dirt, as it does not stick.

Cement-based putty

Specifications include:

ripening and complete drying time;
the thickness of the applied layer at a time;
material consumption per 1m2;
simple and combined;
for use inside and outside;
dry mixes and ready-to-use formulations.

Cement-based putties

At the initial stage of finishing the walls from the outside, the putty of the facade is done with a cement-based composition with sand. Lime, gypsum, synthetic fibers and other materials can be added as plasticizers. To give a decorative look, the putty is painted. The choice of colors is limited. More often they use whitewashing of walls and finishing with synthetic materials.
The main manufacturers of cement putty are Knauf and Prospector. They produce a large selection of single-component and mixed finishing materials. Consumption per 1m2 depends on the thickness of the layer and the unevenness of the surface. It is indicated by the manufacturer on the packaging in the optimal characteristics for the work of this finishing material. Packing of dry mixture is usually done in paper bags of 20 kg.
The disadvantage of cement putty is its hygroscopicity. Without a protective layer of synthetic, acrylic, silicone mixture Prospector, Rudel, Pufas and Knauf, it is quickly destroyed by rain and frost.

Granularity of cement plaster

Acrylic putties for outdoor use

For work on the protection of the facade, acrylic plaster is produced:

for leveling walls;
finishing color and for painting;
decorative.

It is applied in a layer up to 8 mm and its consumption per 1 m2 is much less compared to cement. The main component is acrylic, lighter than cement and sand by about 2 times. Produced in ready-to-use form. One package is enough for finishing 15 - 17 m2.

Acrylic putty

Knauf's products

The German company Knauf is known as a supplier of building materials for all types of finishing work. It produces multi-component putties. The most popular acrylic universal. The addition of gypsum and mineral fibers to the composition makes it plastic, waterproof. The walls underneath breathe. Consumption per 1m2 is small. Due to this, it is more profitable than cheaper cement mixtures.
Acrylic decorative mixture Knauf is used for finishing facades and indoors. A large palette of colors allows you to create original finishes with unique combinations of tones and embossed patterns.

Putty Knauf

Putties from Prospectors

The Russian company Prospectors manufactures its products using German technology. The composition includes domestic components and imported additives. Consumption per 1 m2 is higher than that of foreign analogues. When recalculating the cost of finishing the entire facade, Prospector's domestic products are more profitable than the similar Knauf. The cost of materials is much lower, since the cost of transportation and purchase of components is minimal.
Acrylic putty for outdoor use by Prospector is produced with the addition of abrasive and granite fine gravel. She has a high consumption due to heavy fillers. Such a mixture is used Prospector for finishing the basement and protruding foundation. It has high strength, moisture and frost resistance.

Putty Prospectors

With a large number of products from different companies, two manufacturers mainly compete on the market: Knauf and Prospectors. The building materials of both companies are of high quality. Everyone makes a choice. My friend made the calculations based on cost, expense and economic benefit. Tried to work with different putty. Couldn't make a choice. Each putty has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Facade putty is a building mixture designed to give the outer surface of the building - the facade - the ideal smoothness necessary for high-quality application of decorative finishes.

This material is often called and somewhat differently - putty, but both terms denote the same concept. They come from the German word Spachtel, which is translated into Russian as "shovel".

Putty for outdoor work is used almost everywhere, since it is impossible to lay the walls of a building perfectly even.

Classification of putties by purpose

All types of facade putties belong to finely dispersed materials, but depending on the purpose, they can consist of fractions of various sizes.

In addition, ready-made solutions designed for different tasks may differ in consistency. On this basis, all mixtures for facade work are divided into several groups:

Starting (base or leveling) putty.
Finishing putty. The finishing facade putty is a mixture with a finer grain than the starting one. In addition, the finished solution should have a more liquid consistency. Finishing putties are used for the final alignment of the walls with giving them a perfectly smooth and even surface, which is extremely important for the subsequent decorative finishing of the facade of the house. The mixture is applied in a thin layer, not exceeding 4 mm in thickness. In terms of strength, the facade putty for finishing work is inferior to the starting one, but it is very well polished and is more pliable.
Universal putty. This finishing material combines the advantages of the 2 varieties described above, but it is not used for puttying the facade.
Decorative putty. The creation of textured decor elements or stucco moldings on the outside of the building is carried out using this type of facade putty.
Wood putty. It is used to give smoothness and protection against climatic influences of wooden walls or walls with wooden paneling.

The technical characteristics of facade putties are determined by the intensity of atmospheric influences on the outer surfaces of the house.

They must have vapor permeability, moisture resistance, frost resistance, elasticity (elastic putty tolerates wall shrinkage and changes in their size due to temperature changes).

On the facade leveled with putty, paint, tile, enamel, mosaic, etc. can be applied.

Types of putties on the basis

Cement-based putties

Facade cement putty is characterized by high resistance to moisture and low temperatures.

limestone flour with granule sizes up to 0.2 mm;
ground quartz sand (marshalite);
marble dust (microcalcite).

To improve the technical characteristics of this finishing material, its composition is enriched with chemical additives. Cement putty for facade surfaces can have a beige, yellowish or gray tint.

White cement putty is currently not produced, since expensive bleaches have to be used for its production.

For home craftsmen who want to finish the walls of the house with their own hands, before buying cement-based putty, masters recommend paying attention to such aspects:

brand of cement;
compressive strength;
the level of adhesion with the material to be finished.

Polymer-based putties

Polymer binders serve as the basis for a number of facade putties. All of them can be conditionally divided into two large groups:

Acrylic putties. All brands of acrylic putties are made on the basis of acrylate-siloxane mixtures. They are excellent for both basic and finishing exterior surfaces of buildings and structures. Acrylic-based mixes do not need to be diluted with water, they are easy to apply and work well. After laying, the material is leveled to a thin layer about 2 mm thick.
Latex putties. This type of polymer putty is not used for finishing facades.

All putties for outdoor use, having a polymer base, have a number of advantages:

strength;
durability;
plastic;
fast setting;
no shrinkage;
no smell.

There are also special mixtures used, for example, for finishing polyurethane.

Solution preparation

Modern manufacturers of building materials practice 2 forms of supply of putties for all types of work: in the form of a ready-mix and dry powder.

In the 1st case, the material is supplied in hermetically sealed plastic buckets, in the 2nd case - in paper or plastic bags of various sizes.

Before finishing work from powdered putty, it is necessary to prepare a solution.

The volume of one serving of the mixture should not be too large, since most brands of facade putties retain their working qualities for only three hours.

Finishing work

Operations are performed in the following sequence:

The surface of the wall is cleaned of dust, dirt, remnants of old finishes and oil stains. If there are places with cracked plaster, it must also be removed.
A deep penetration primer is applied to the cleaned wall, it must dry completely before the next operation.
On the treated surface, individual defects are sealed with a starting putty: depressions, cracks, dents. After that, the material is allowed to dry.
A portion of putty is applied to a section of the wall, and then leveled. As tools, it is best to use a construction grater and 2 metal spatulas. It is important to note that facade putty must be used in its pure form, it cannot be mixed with paint, glue or other dry mixtures.
After drying, the 1st layer of putty is primed in order to improve the adhesion of subsequent layers to it.
The starting putty is applied in layers until the surface of the facade is completely leveled. The maximum thickness of individual layers is 4 mm. Each subsequent layer is applied only after the previous one has dried. The average consumption of starting putty per 1m2 is 11-15 liters.
At the final stage, a finishing layer is laid and leveled on top of the base putty, which should be sanded after drying. The approximate consumption of finishing putty per 1m2 is 4 liters.

Putty should not be applied to heated surfaces. During finishing work, it should not be exposed to direct sunlight, rain or splashes.

In order to protect the freshly applied solution from atmospheric moisture, the finished facade surface is covered with a plastic film until it dries completely.

Popular manufacturers

Knauf (Germany)

Knauf putties for outdoor use are a high-quality building material used both for finishing new and for restoring old facade surfaces.

Moisture-resistant mixes Knauf-unterputts, Knauf-zokelputts and Knauf-grunband are very popular. Water consumption per 1 kg of dry mixture is 300 g.

Drying time:

at a temperature of 20°C - 3 days;
at a temperature of 10 ° C - 1 day.

Freshly prepared solution should be used within 3 hours.

Color: grey.

All putties of this brand are frost-resistant.

The price of a standard volume package is 300-350 rubles.

Vetonit (Finland)

Polymeric putties for outdoor work of this brand have proven themselves, therefore they are in rather high demand in the domestic construction market.

Mixtures for rough work consist of granules up to 0.3 mm in size, decorative white putty - from 0.5 to 1.5 mm. Solutions are very easy to prepare.

White acrylic putty has elasticity combined with good strength, it is very convenient for sealing large defects, seams and joints.

Among the advantages of the material is high wear resistance and no smell. Thanks to the polymer base, when using Vetonit putties, it is very easy to achieve a uniform distribution of the layer.

The price of a package weighing 5 kg is 250-270 rubles.

Ceresit

One of those brands that needs no introduction. Ceresit supplies the domestic construction market with the widest range of products, including many grades of putty for all types of work.

The approximate price of a package of 25 kg is 700-750 rubles.

"Prospectors"

A very popular putty brand in our country, the attractive side of which is a successful combination of good quality and affordable cost.

At the same time, painting the facade with a composition based on this putty is 10 times cheaper than the same operation using the most inexpensive paint for facades.

The approximate price of a standard package is in the range of 200-300 rubles.

In addition to those listed, the following brands can be noted:

"Bolars" (the price of a package of a standard volume is 300-350 rubles);
"Volma" (buying a 25-kilogram bag will cost 400 rubles);
"Glims" (the average price of a package weighing 20 kg is 400 rubles).

Now you can easily choose a putty, depending on the goals and conditions of the repair.

Both new and old houses require exterior design, and today the wet method of finishing the facade is increasingly used. In order to level the walls, seal the joints between slabs or bricks, and then apply the finishing decor with plaster or tiles, facade putty is used. The article will tell about the types of this finishing material and the technology of working with it.

Wall leveling is one of the most time-consuming and important processes in facade finishing. Without it, many other works on the design of the external appearance of the house become simply impossible. For example, surface plastering can only be carried out on perfectly flat walls, while applying and gluing insulation to an unprepared base is impossible.

The words putty or putty come from the German word "Spachtel" - a spatula, the use of both options is quite acceptable, so in the future story you will be able to meet both. In addition to leveling, putty performs another important function - sealing potholes and cracks in the wall. This is what it was originally used for.

Leveling a brick wall

Requirements for facade putty material

Based on the purpose of facade putty, a number of requirements are imposed on it, which must be taken into account when buying.

Plastic. This property is characteristic of a quality solution. If the material does not possess it, then there is a serious danger of cracking the coating and its destruction from atmospheric vibrations.
Vapor permeability. The most important property of all types of facade finishing materials should also be in putty. If it is absent, then evaporation will accumulate under the leveling layer and destroy it from the inside.
Moisture resistance. The ability to repel atmospheric moisture and prevent it from passing inside protects not only the putty coating itself, but also the facade of the house. Water can remain in the pores, and when frozen, burst it and destroy it.
Frost resistance. Cracking from frost or seasonal temperature differences can also befall the main wall covering, so frost resistance is a very important quality for a putty mortar.

Materials and tools for puttying

Classification of putties by purpose

All putties for facade work are divided into two types: starting and finishing. Usually both are required. Before buying, take an interest in the purpose and type of material so as not to buy unnecessary. In addition, you need to decide which putty you need more and in what quantity.

Home

The structure of this composition should be coarse-grained and have increased strength and high adhesiveness. It smooths out the main irregularities of the wall, closes up structural cracks and potholes on the facade that require repair. It is often used to eliminate masonry irregularities or defects in concrete walls. The composition can be applied in a rather thick layer - up to 4 mm. For strength, particles of marble dust and lime are often added to the starting mixture. They give it the necessary elasticity and adhesion to the surface of the building. Most often, cement compositions are used for the starting layer, and polymer binders give elasticity to the putty.

Attention! When purchasing a starter putty mixture, make sure that it is intended for facades. Compositions for interior use for exterior walls - unacceptable.

Starting putty

Finishing

The final putty coating must be plastic, smooth, waterproof, have good adhesion and strength. Most often, a mixture based on acrylic or silicate binders is used - they are more suited to the goal of creating a smooth and uniform layer. Finishing putty is used to level the surface, and therefore the particles of which it consists must be small.

The finely dispersed structure allows you to create a perfectly even base for a future decorative coating. Experienced finishers recommend applying the finishing putty in several steps with a layer of about 3 mm. Do not use mixtures for leveling that are difficult to mix with colors. If in the future you are going to finish the walls with decorative plaster or paint, then it is better to tint the finishing putty in the appropriate shade, otherwise it may show through the main finish.

Types of facade putties on the basis

The building materials market offers a wide range of putty compositions. Manufacturers, prices, types of mixtures can confuse any inexperienced finisher. Let's try to understand the main types.

Reinforcing mesh under cement

Cement

Such putties are considered the best for applying the starting layer, for sealing cracks and potholes in the wall. Cement-based mixtures usually consist of cement, lime powder with fractions of 0.2 mm, quartz sand and marble dust. To improve the performance, chemical additives are added to it. The surface covered with the starting cement putty looks perfectly smooth, but rather rough due to the coarse-grained structure of the material. Finishing cement putty has a fine structure and comes in several colors: gray, beige and yellow. White cement putty is almost impossible to find now. Since its bleaching requires expensive compositions that increase the cost of the finished mixture. It is available in the form of powders and ready mixes in buckets. The liquid material also has disadvantages.

Strong shrinkage of the dried mixture must be taken into account when sealing cracks.
If the liquid cement composition is applied in a thick layer, then the probability of cracking is very high.

In order to prevent the destruction of the cement coating, a reinforcing mesh is applied during operation.

The advantages of cement compositions cover their small disadvantages.

Ease of use allows even an inexperienced finisher to work with it.
Cement is a durable material and guarantees high levels of frost resistance, density and weather resistance.
It has an affordable price, and therefore is very suitable for treating large surfaces, which is typical for building facades.

Important! Never mix cement putty with varnishes, paints and glue, so that it does not lose its properties.

Grit of cement finish

When buying cement compositions, pay attention to the brand of cement, compressive strength and adhesion level.

Gypsum

Gypsum plastering is one of the easiest ways to putty the surface of the facade. It is very easy to work with gypsum, because it has a plastic, light structure and lends itself well to leveling. Plastic makes it possible not only to easily align, but also to accurately form corners and perform other curly work on the facade of the building. The positive aspects include good vapor permeability, frost resistance, smoothness, and easy staining. The lack of shrinkage allows you to make the layer as thick as you like and apply it in one go.

But there are also negative sides. If you live in rainy, humid areas, it's best to keep gypsum to a minimum, as it absorbs moisture quite well and can break down when exposed to it. On the other hand, the gypsum mixture dries very quickly, so it is not recommended to work with it under the scorching sun.

When purchasing gypsum plaster, pay attention to the manufacturer. It is better to take proven brands. So you protect yourself from rapid damage to the facade and get confidence that the mineral additives contained in the composition are of high quality, which means that the coating will last longer.

Gypsum plaster can be applied in one layer

Acrylic

These finishing materials are starting and finishing. Possessing all the necessary properties, acrylic mixtures can and should be used for facade work. They are sold ready-made, which makes them even easier to use. Facade putty made of acrylic has good adhesive properties, but is applied to a pre-primed surface, since the putty layer is quite thin. The only drawback of acrylic mixtures is the higher price compared to previous products, which does not allow it to be used over large areas as a starting layer. Most often it is used for finishing.

latex and acrylate

These types of putty materials are designed for extreme conditions and therefore they are used for outdoor work. They are even more moisture resistant and frost-resistant than conventional acrylic composition. Its durability and plasticity have earned recognition from builders and finishers around the world. Latex and acrylate do not crack when dry and do not shrink. High adhesive properties make it possible to further strengthen the protection of the walls of buildings and make the connection with the subsequent decorative coating the most durable. Latex mixtures come in a wide variety of colors and therefore do not require additional coloring. The thinnest layer of this composition forms the perfect finish. There are such starting and finishing plasters, but too high a price is their main drawback.

Colored latex putties

How to choose the right putty for the facade

The characteristics of the putty and the knowledge of which material is best applied in certain cases will help you not to make a mistake with the choice.

When insulating the facade with polystyrene foam, polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam, it is better to use latex and acrylic textures. Use the same types of finishing mixtures for poor wall permeability, for example, to concrete or metal.
If you live in cold zones, where frost is a frequent guest, then use a special frost-resistant putty.
Do not use oil products for facade work, but if you do purchase them, then remember that you will only have to paint them with oil paint, since other paints will not fall on drying oil plaster. But if your house is made of wood, then oil facade putty is a good choice.
Try not to use materials from different manufacturers, price categories and types. If you started working alone - try to finish the process of puttying the walls with the same composition. Remember that the materials may not be combined with each other! It is for this reason that it is better to immediately calculate the amount of the product and evaluate your financial capabilities.
When calculating the amount of material, proceed from the thickness of the layer you need to apply. The thinner the coating, the less putty is consumed.

Dry polymer-cement plaster mixture

Main manufacturers and prices

One of the most recognized manufacturers in the building materials market is Ceresit. Polymer cement plasters of this manufacturer are distinguished not only by high quality, but also by low cost. They are made from a cement-sand mixture with the addition of polymer additives and synthetic fibers for plasticity. These mixtures are characterized by high vapor permeability, fire safety, long shelf life, cost-effectiveness. In addition, Ceresit putties differ from many in color. These are white mixtures, which is rare among cement compositions.
Synthetic plasters of this company are produced in finished form and meet the requirements of facade materials. Acrylic, based on acrylic resins, polymer silicate and polymer silicone compounds are used for finishing walls. They are highly resistant to deformation, moisture resistant and elastic. You can study the properties of acrylic materials from the photo in the table.
Knauf, a global manufacturer of building materials, has a strong position in the sale of plaster and putty compositions. It produces finishing cement mixtures in dry form, which significantly saves money on facade finishing. Packing in 25 kg of multi-finish cement mixture costs about 600 rubles.

Characteristics of acrylic filling materials Ceresit

The Prospectors company has proven itself well in the domestic market. It offers various facade mixtures at low prices with good quality. Finishing putties "Weber Vetonit" have been in demand for many years. This dry polymer product for facade work has a low cost - about 600 rubles.

Multi finish Knauf

Finishing work

Starting putty application technology

The easiest and most popular way is plastering on lighthouses.

We start plastering the wall. To do this, take a trowel in your right hand, and in the left solution and with a sharp movement throw the solution onto the wall. After that, we rub the putty mixture over the surface with a trowel or grater.

Grout mixture

The whole process is well shown in the video. Pay attention to the technique of throwing the solution on the wall.

Lighthouse wall plastering

The process of finishing with finishing putty

The technology of finishing with a finishing putty material is reminiscent of working with a starting solution. After the starting layer has completely dried, apply the finishing layer in the same way: using a trowel, we throw a solution on the wall and rub it. The only difference is that the thickness of the coating is minimal, and the rubbing must be very thorough, since this process is followed by the application of a decorative coating. You can apply several ways of grouting putty: round and round.

When finishing, it is important not to interrupt the process of processing the wall. Try to calculate the time for finishing entire sections of the facade.

Putty grouting methods

As you can see, facade putty can be applied with your own hands, it only takes a little patience. By preparing the walls for decorative finishing on your own, you save a lot of money that you can spend on better material.

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A variety of building materials are used for interior and exterior walls. Facade putty is used for processing, decoration and restoration of buildings. This finishing mixture helps to prepare the rough base for the application of the decorative layer.

Peculiarities

Leveling mortars for walls are called differently: someone says "putty", others call it "putty". The concept of putty comes from a spatula tool, which is used to apply a leveling solution. Putty originates from the German language, translated as "blade". These two concepts combine one term - a mixture that serves to finish the surface.

For outdoor work, a special facade putty is used, which is distinguished by its strength characteristics of compositions for interior decoration.

The following requirements are imposed on the putty for the facade:

it must have good adhesion to various building materials;
easy to further process on a dried surface;

be able to be applied at low temperatures;
after hardening should have high strength characteristics;
UV resistance;
resistance to atmospheric precipitation;
must form a wear-resistant coating resistant to contamination;
ability to tolerate temperature changes;
after drying, cracks should not form;
the composition should not contain harmful and toxic substances;
the finished layer must be compatible with any paintwork materials;
the solution should be plastic and convenient for distribution to the working area.

Facade putty, intended for finishing external elements, performs protective, leveling, strengthening and decorative functions.

For putty, the following technical features are characteristic:

the thickness of the layer that is applied at a time;
final drying time of each layer;
mixture consumption per 1 sq. m;
operation at negative temperatures;
multicomponent or complex compositions.

Kinds

Putty materials are divided into types according to several criteria.

The composition distinguishes the following types of putties:

cement- the main component is cement and sand, and reinforcing fibers, gypsum, marble powder are used as additives;
acrylic– based on acrylic polymer;
acrylate– contains acrylic and latex;
oily- the multicomponent composition includes drying oil, glue, acrylates, chalk;
silicate- has a base of silicate liquid glass;
silicone Silicone is the main ingredient.

The most common composition is cement, as it has an affordable price and adequate quality. Cement-based putty is applied to all types of mineral surfaces: concrete, plaster, lime, gypsum and brick.

This composition has the following positive qualities:

frost resistance- withstands more than 100 freezing cycles, is operated at low temperatures from -60 degrees;
strength and wear resistance;
fire resistance, refers to non-combustible materials;
water resistance- resistant to atmospheric precipitation;
environmental Safety- contains natural mineral supplements;
good hiding power- able to seal defects in the base up to 1.5 cm.

The disadvantages of the composition include the ability to crack, as well as the fact that the material shrinks when moisture evaporates.

Acrylic compositions are waterproof, do not form cracks. They create a durable elastic layer that can be further processed. Acrylic-based putties are only suitable for finishing with a layer up to 50 mm, are not able to fill deep irregularities due to their fine structure. When grinding, respiratory protection is needed, as the composition is very dusty.

The addition of latex to acrylate putty gives increased moisture-resistant properties, plasticity and durability. It is easy to apply, does not require prior mixing with water. But the price of such a product is much higher than for cement compositions.

Oil putty is used to level wooden facade elements.. It has its own characteristics in the application, which limits its use. The oil putty layer must be protected with oil paint, since the components do not tolerate high humidity. Putty with a thin layer up to 2 mm with repeated repetition, which gives strength.

Silicate compounds fit well on aerated concrete, foam concrete, shell rock. Strict adherence to the application technology creates a protective vapor-permeable layer. Used as a decorative finish.

When using putty based on silicone, a strong vapor-permeable protection is formed. The silicone layer repels dirt. There is the possibility of tinting in different colors, while the composition will be the final decorative layer on the facade. The limitation in application is the high cost of the material.

Winter facade putty can be based on cement or acrylic with the addition of chemical components that improve hardening at low temperatures. This is additionally indicated by the manufacturer on the packaging, the prices for such formulations are higher.

By purpose, facade putty is divided into the following types:

Basic. The granular structure is intended for leveling and restoration of facades with cracks and potholes up to 150 mm.
Finishing. The liquid finely dispersed structure is used for fine finishing with a layer of up to 0.4 cm.
decorative. With its help, give various textured effects. For the facade, texture putty is used.
Compositions for wood. For wooden structures, an indicator of vapor permeability is important so that the outer layer of putty does not delay the release of water vapor.

Depending on the readiness of putty, two types of products are distinguished: dry mix and ready-made composition. Dry putty has the form of a powder, which requires pre-mixing with water to a certain consistency. After mixing, the components of the mixture react, maturation occurs, after which you can start puttying. Available in bags from 5 to 30 kg.

The finished putty is a fully prepared product suitable for direct use on the surface. All you need to do is stir the mixture until smooth.. They produce ready-made polymer compositions that are poured into buckets from 2.5 kg.

Manufacturers

Such domestic brands of putty mixtures are widely known:

Ceresit;
"Prospectors";
"Volma";
"Bolars";
"Founding 30".

The construction brand Ceresit belongs to the oldest German concern Henkel, which has located its factories in Russia. To finish the facade of mineral materials, the plant produces Ceresit CT 225 cement putty. It is applied with a strong thin layer up to 3 mm in white or gray, supplied in 25 kg bags.

The Starateli company specializes in the production of dry mixes for construction and finishing works. The line has 3 types of cement putties for outdoor use: facade white, facade gray and facade-finish.

Facade putty can be applied in a layer up to 1 cm, finishing - up to 3 mm. The mixture is produced in 5 kg bags and 20 kg bags. Differs in reasonable price and comprehensible quality on the German technologies.

The domestic manufacturer Volma produces dry facade putties based on Portland cement. "Volma Aquastandard" and "Volma Aquastandard light" with reinforced fibers allow you to make a leveling layer up to 1 cm. Sold in bags of 22 kg.

The plant of the company "Bolars" is engaged in the production of three types of dry products for puttying external walls. These include facade, facade-finishing and leveling products. Suitable for leveling with a layer of up to 1 cm plasterboard, aerated concrete, brick and concrete surfaces. Packed in 5 kg, 20 kg and 25 kg. Bolars also produces ready-made polymer putty "Empire Façade" for painting, it is supplied in buckets of 8 or 28 kg.

VGT Enterprise LLC produces ready-made facade acrylic compositions of the Bau master Shelton and VGT brands. The versatility of the putty allows it to be applied to different types of surfaces with a layer of up to 7 mm. It is characterized by a short hardening time - 8 hours. Produced in buckets of 3.6 kg, 7.5 kg and 18 kg, as well as in barrels of 50 kg.

Under the trade mark "Osnovit" the facade putty "Osnovit Bazsilk PC 30 MG" is produced on the basis of cement. It is released in bags of 20 kg in white and gray. It has water-repellent properties with reinforced additives.

Popular foreign manufacturers of facade finishing materials are the German concern Knauf and the European brand Weber Vetonit. Knauf facade putties are cement-based. "Knauf multi-finish" was created for fine finishing of external walls with a layer of up to 5 mm. The advantage when using is the low consumption per 1 sq. m. It has good adhesion to plastered surfaces.

Cement and acrylic putty Vetonit is a high-quality composition for leveling the facade with a layer thickness of up to 0.5 cm. The Vetonit assortment includes a large selection of decorative texture mixtures for the facade.

The main rule when choosing a facade putty is the assessment of the base. The composition of the putty mixture will depend on the quality of the working surface. For uneven walls and sealing cracks of more than 5 mm, cement-based putty is suitable. It includes granular grains of sand, so the composition is able to fill cracks, potholes and pits up to 1 cm. Finished acrylic compounds are elastic and penetrate into the smallest pores, forming a smooth and even surface.

The type of putty depends on the base material, since different compositions have different degrees of adhesion. When buying, pay attention to what type of surface the putty mixture is intended for.. For brick, concrete, plaster, gypsum, aerated concrete, cement and acrylic compositions are intended. Oil-adhesive and acrylate putties are suitable for wood and wood-based panels.