What is the name of an uncastrated pig. What are the differences between a boar and a boar. Conditions for normal operation

This question is often asked not only by ignorant townspeople, but also by rural residents who have pigs in their backyard. So what is the name of the castrated pig, or rather the male after castration?

Clarification is of no small importance, because only males are subject to castration. Females are sterilized. This major operation to remove the uterus and ovaries of a pig is performed in rare exceptional cases for veterinary reasons.

What is a castrated pig called?

In various dictionaries, this concept is sometimes interpreted in different ways. But in the end, everyone agrees on a single interpretation: the male after castration should be called a boar. And a sexually mature, non-castrated male sire is called a boar.

The common name "boar" used to refer only to male feral pigs. Now in many villages you can hear that any male domestic pig is called a boar. The names boar and boar are becoming little used.

So the boar is simply called a boar, and his brother, who is incapable of procreation, is called a castrated boar. To decide on the answer to the question of what is the name of a castrated pig, as we see, is quite simple.

Castration is the removal of the seminal glands, simply testicles, in piglets at the age of 1-1.5 months. This simple operation is performed under local anesthesia or without it. The process itself takes no more than one or two minutes.

On the scrotum of a piglet, small incisions are made with a sharp knife, through which the testicles are squeezed out and cut off completely. The remaining wounds are treated with a disinfectant powder. Healing takes place quickly, within 2-3 days.

Some experts advise castrating piglets at 2 weeks of age while they are still under the sow. But experience shows that some sows behave aggressively when they smell blood oozing from wounds at the site of incisions. And they can inflict mortal wounds on their piglets.

Why pigs are castrated is not an idle question. The fact is that the meat of a slaughtered boar and a boar differ from each other in taste. The meat of a boar is closer in taste to the meat of a female pig, more tender, without foreign odors. The meat of the boar is hard, sinewy, has a sharp unpleasant smell of urine, which is felt even when butchering a clogged carcass. It is often unsuitable for human consumption. And when boars are slaughtered, their meat is fed to dog kennels.

Thus, a castrated male domestic pig - a hog, is no different from a female. But its content in pig farms is more profitable, since the meat yield is about one quarter more than from a pig of the same age, with the same feed costs.

Many pig farmers have to deal with such an operation as castration of piglets. Most often, this process is assigned to veterinarians. But sometimes the breeder tries to do without such specialist services and castrates pigs on his own.

There are several methods of castration that are constantly discussed, as well as the timing of their implementation. This article will help you figure out how to castrate piglets yourself.

What is castration for?

Castration is also called idling. Most often, for this purpose, a surgical intervention is performed, the purpose of which is to rid the animal of the gonads. In addition to this type of operation, there are also such castrations:

hormonal,
chemical,
radioactive.

piglets

At home, only the method of surgical intervention is practiced. It should be taken into account that certain reactions occur in the animal's body after the intervention, which consist in hormonal failure, metabolic changes and other developmental abnormalities, which are very different from an uncastrated individual.

Important! Before you castrate pigs, you need to decide what this operation is for. With age, piglets actively produce sex hormones; when fattening pigs, these processes are completely undesirable.

Need:

Uncastrated pigs enter estrus after a certain time, because of which they stop eating normally, lose weight, and become restless.
Undesirable covering of gilts with uncastrated boars occurs.
Uncastrated boars in adulthood become aggressive and can attack both other living creatures and people.
The meat of uncastrated individuals emits an unpleasant odor, so it cannot be eaten.

Based on the above reasons, it should be concluded that castration will solve several problems at once. Such boars are called "neuter".

Important! Unfinished boars may develop pathologies that can only be solved with the help of castration, and only a professional veterinarian should do the operation.

Indications for surgery may include:

Inflammation of the testes;
Hernia;
Neoplasms in the testicles.

Thus, by castrating a piglet, the farmer receives:

High quality meat and meat products;
Animals do not lose their appetite, due to which their weight increases;
Castrated animals are much easier to keep in groups, they do not show aggression towards each other;
Pigs grow and develop better.

If you look at the terms that are indicated for the surgical intervention, then the best age is the suckling period - from ten to forty-five days. Piglets at this age lose less blood during the operation, and they also have practically no complications, unlike adult boars.

Piglets castration process

The main advantages of castrating small piglets are:

Small piglets do not require special fixation during surgery;
Small boars adapt and calm down faster when they are near the sow;
Thanks to the milk of the "mother", wounds heal very quickly;
During the surgical process, the piglet loses very little blood;
For small boars, many drugs will not be needed;
Piglets grow and develop quickly, recovering quickly from the operation.

Important! During castration, in no case should babies be given procedures such as vaccination and deworming. A minimum of fourteen days must elapse between these processes.

Castration methods

Castration is divided into bloodless method and surgical. In this case, the bloodless method is used in the following cases:

Chemical castration;
Mechanical castration;
radiological castration.

Since these methods are very difficult to perform and require large budgetary costs, they are not practiced by private livestock breeders. The most commonly used surgical intervention, which includes methods such as:

Operation on a ligature or castration of pigs in an open way.
Breakage of the spermatic cord.
Closed cooling method.

Many are interested in the age at which piglets are castrated. Ligature surgery and breakage of the spermatic cord is only suitable for small piglets. In these cases, during castration, the scrotum and vaginal membrane are cut, the testis is removed, a ligature is applied, and the spermatic cord is cut off.

When the spermatic cord is torn off, there is no need to apply a ligature. Because this operation is done when the piglets reach three weeks of age. At this time, the spermatic cords are still weak and easily come off.

With the closed method of castration, which is done at an older age, the vaginal membrane is not cut, but cut off completely along with the testis. In this case, the cord with the testis must be rotated several times around the axis and clamped for a few seconds to neutralize the nerve endings, only after that it is tied with a thread and the testis is cut off. The wound is treated with iodine, stitched and disinfected again.

Important! Killing animals for meat is possible only after at least two months after castration.

Castration machine

Piglets castration machine

Do-it-yourself castration of Vietnamese piglets is done using various devices in order to fix the animal so that it does not move and thus does not harm itself and does not interfere with the “surgeon”, since anesthesia is not done in this case. To do this, use a special machine, a barrel, or resort to other practical methods. Thanks to the machine, the veterinarian can perform surgery without outside help. The machine can be made independently. In order for the manufacturing process to be correct, you need to use a step-by-step scheme.

Important! The machine is only suitable for small piglets. For adult pigs and gilts, it is simply not suitable because of the size.

In addition to the machine for idling, you need to prepare the following tools:

Scalpel;
clamp;
Scissors;
Medical needles;
Emasculator;
Threads;
Catgut;
Dressing;
Tampons;
Streptocid.

When castrating small piglets, the list of tools is much smaller. Of all of the above, you should take only a scalpel, clamp, tampons, iodine and streptocide.

Farmers in most cases raise pigs of the Hungarian lop-bellied breed. Therefore, in order to achieve a good increase from such piglets, they are castrated. After castration, pigs require special care during the first few days. The pen where they are placed should be warm and have clean bedding. The wound should be examined every day in order to prevent the occurrence of complications in time:

Bleeding that occurred a few hours after the operation;
Prolapse of internal organs through the incision;
Swelling in the area of the wound;
Inflammatory process.

Important! In the postoperative period, especially on the first day, the castrated boar should not be given food. Only after dinner can you pour liquid food into the feeder in a small amount.

If swelling or inflammation occurs, it is not recommended to carry out treatment on your own. In such cases, turn to professionals. Be sure to give an antibiotic injection.

Castration of pigs is a necessary operation if the animals are planned to be raised for meat. It is best to cast babies up to three weeks of age. Thus, postoperative complications can be avoided.

HOG, ANIMAL

see Pig.

Brockhaus and Efron. Brockhaus and Euphron, encyclopedic dictionary. 2012

Purpose of castration of piglets

There are purposes for which pigs are castrated:

Due to hormonal issues.
Castration for medicinal purposes.
due to economic problems.

Castration for hormonal problems

Hormonal problems may be due to an overdose of supplements or vice versa, a lack of normal development and growth of the pig.

Hormonal supplements can harm the human body and the animal itself:

They worsen the metabolism in the body.
Harm the development and growth of the muscle mass of the pig.
Change the balance of substances in the human body.
Accumulate chemicals.

Hormonal supplements, or anabolics, increase the muscle mass of the pig, which makes it look better when slaughtered for meat.

With various deviations in development and growth, piglets are castrated, which is best done at an early age. It is carried out so that the pig does not bring out sick piglets during childbirth. Since they have to get rid of, which leads to an economic problem.

Castration for medical reasons

Sometimes they are castrated for medicinal purposes, because many diseases affect the reproductive system of a piglet or pig, which worsens puberty, future brood, and overall health of the body.

Pigs and piglets can develop infections that affect the brain, nervous system, many receptors, and skin. For example, the herpes virus for pigs is very dangerous, because untimely help from veterinarians can lead to mass death not only of pigs, but also of their further genus - piglets.

Piglets can also become infected while still in the placenta. In this case, boars should be castrated to remove the problem. You can castrate both in winter and in summer.

Medical and economic goals are closely related, namely:

Diseases lead to the death of pigs and even piglets, which affects the economy.
An excess number of pigs on the farm also worsens the economy, increases costs.
The purchase of medicines has a negative impact on the economy of the economy.
Timely castration can prevent diseases and economic recession.

Castration for economic purposes

Castration for economic purposes can also be carried out due to lack of material resources to raise the younger generation, that is, piglets.

Material provision of normal conditions for growing pigs and piglets includes the following conditions:

Providing food.
Provision of heat and water.
Territorial support.

All of the above services are provided only financially and nothing more.

At what age are pigs castrated?

Most owners of farms argue that it is necessary to castrate eggs from a piglet only at an early age, until puberty occurs.

However, a number of studies say differently at what time a piglet should be castrated:

It is necessary to castrate during the puberty of the pig, that is, an uncastrated boar is operated on due to the different goals described above.
Boars are castrated because of the large number before slaughter.
Adult boars are castrated for less expense, but more emotional for the pig.

Benefits of castration at an early age

Castration at an early age of a piglet has several advantages over surgery in adulthood:

It is impossible to castrate a pig during its vaccination against viral infections! This can lead to infection of the blood and death of the piglet.

The optimal age is still considered to be a 6- or 7-day-old piglet, since during this period there is less blood loss, less pain for the animal and less surgery costs.

Conditions for normal operation to proceed:

It is definitely recommended to carry out in the morning, because during the day you can observe and analyze the well-being of the piglet and take action.
Before the operation, carefully select the piglets, that is, pay attention to the skin surface (if there are any spots or scratches there, this way you can infect the animal from another).
The penis of a pig or pig must not be damaged.

It happens that even an adult animal is castrated. At the age of puberty, the boar is aggressive. Therefore, antidepressants must be administered to calm the pig's nervous system.

As for the person conducting the operation:

Pay attention to the nails and wounds on the hands, remove everything that interferes (cut the nails, seal the wounds and hangnails).
Disinfect hands, treat with an antiseptic and put on the necessary gloves.
Wear special clean clothes.

The place where the operation is performed must be:

Treated with local antiseptics (including the animal's place).
Ventilate the room before the operation to remove unpleasant, excess odors.

In the event of an incorrect operation and non-compliance with all the rules and criteria, you can infect both the piglets and yourself, and even lead to his death due to a large loss of blood.

How to castrate a piglet?

Necessary tools and medicines

In order to castrate a piglet, the following tools are needed:

Leshchetki and breech screw.
Forceps Telyatnikov.
Forceps Burdizzo.
Amosov forceps.
Sand forceps.
Emasculator.

All of these tools complement each other to some extent, that is, it should be understood that the exclusion of one of them may have a bad effect on the entire operation.

During castration, there may be various phenomena with a piglet, a profuse hemorrhage will begin, or an accidental scratch on the surface of the skin. Thus, you need to anticipate different events and be prepared for anything.

In addition to tools, in order to castrate piglets, they use medicines, sometimes they are simply necessary during operations. Painkillers should be in the first place in the castration!

Disinfection of hands, the operation site and the skin surface of the piglet:

Disinfection with alcohol is carried out at the first antiseptic stage. Wipe hands, castration site and skin surface of piglets.
Hydrogen peroxide is necessary, which will neutralize accidental wounds and normalize blood clotting (both in humans and animals).
The day before castration, the room is disinfected with 15% boric alcohol and closed, then ventilated and the operation is performed.

Observing all the stages of disinfection, it is still worthwhile to castrate the piglet carefully so that undesirable consequences do not happen. The main condition is the availability of all medications and tools at hand.

Preparation for the operation involves the selection of healthy and ready for castration piglets. They study and analyze the surface of the animal's skin, its behavior and nutrition.

Castration methods

Each method is characteristic and individual for different pigs in its own way. Each pig breeder castrates his farm, depending on favorable conditions, the physiology of piglets.

CastersYou can edit in different ways:

in a closed way. With the open method, the skin is cut so that the testis freely comes out of the seam. You need to cut to the front edge, but not to the anus. It is important! In piglets, the seminal ligament is separated by hand, and in an adult boar, everything is done with a scalpel. A thread, usually silk, is applied to the seed rope, while retreating from the testicle itself, and cut through it. Then the tip of the rope is treated with an antiseptic, but so that there is no irritation.
Open way. The closed method is used exclusively for adult pigs or for piglets that suffer from some kind of disease, such as a hernia. The operation is carried out 3.5 months before slaughter. In any case, anesthesia is used, depending on the aggression of the animal and on the position. The name of the method itself speaks for itself, closed - that is, not opening the vaginal membrane. A tourniquet is applied to the seed rope and one testicle and the second are cut off.

A good condition for an operation without complications is evidenced by holistic prophylaxis, which is described above. Note! Since the further well-being of the animal depends on this.

There are also other specific ways to castrate pigs. Open and closed methods are local.

But other methods are not excluded:

Castrate for a ligature. First of all, you need to understand what a ligature is. Ligature is an admixture of various metals, which gives the object hardness. You can castrate for a ligature without anesthesia. They also cut around the testis, take it out and put a ligature on the rope. All are treated with iodine and other medicines described above.
Castrate using the break method. This method is used exclusively for small piglets. Because adult boars, due to their aggressiveness, can spoil the course of the entire operation. The beginning of the conduct is similar to the ligature method, but the rope itself is scrolled until it separates itself from the place. You can also cut off abruptly, but should be held with tongs. At the end, they are also treated with an antiseptic.
Chemical castration. Chemical preparations are also used for castration of boars. For example, seva valor. This drug is absolutely harmless to the animal, but can be dangerous for humans in the use of meat. They mean an injection with this drug and the animal is castrated! The drug is excreted from the body of the pig after a couple of days. But after that, the meat of such a pig must pass all the conditions and criteria for the standardization of meat and meat products.

All pig meat after slaughter and processing undergoes a thorough check and must comply with all TRTS 269/2012 standards.

Pig care after surgery

After castration, complications may occur:

Bleeding.
Loss of seals.
Intestinal prolapse.
Prolapse of the lining of the vagina.
Edema on the surfaces of the reproductive system.

All these consequences are associated with improper operation or with unstable immunity of the pig. In any case, these consequences must be dealt with.

An experienced veterinarian will conduct a complete analysis of the animal and determine the methods of treatment:

Due to these complications, the next operation should be carried out no later than a week or two, the sooner the treatment, the sooner problems can be avoided.

After carrying out any operations, the pig needs rest and proper nutrition, this is necessary so that the immune system itself fights against mechanical damage inside the body and helps the animal recover faster.

Contraindications

It is common for a piglet to have an infection in a latent form, that is, in a latent form. You need to contact a specialist who, by some minor signs, will be able to determine an infectious disease, because with infections, castration of a piglet is prohibited, blood poisoning may begin.

To determine the presence of infection in a latent form in a piglet, a vaccine strain is introduced, which differs from the virulent one in the content of glycoprotein. This vaccine does not affect the reproduction of the cells of the body of the piglet and is able to immediately show signs of infection.

It should be understood that antibiotics can affect the weight of the pig, which can lead to significant economic downturns and deterioration in meat quality. It is forbidden to administer antibiotics to everyone after castration! Since not every pig needs this, and once again introducing an antibiotic will not lead to high-quality raw materials.

Conclusion

In conclusion, it must be said that castration is best carried out in special institutions where the equipment is fully equipped, and the animal will not be subjected to bad consequences and further diseases. Of course, this is not economically beneficial for the pig owner.

If you carry out operations at home, it is better to have a veterinarian or at least a person with a secondary medical education, because the question is in healthy and high-quality meat.

What is the difference between a boar and a boar? Now, few people can accurately answer this question. But just a hundred years ago, almost everyone knew this, since rural residents made up the majority of the population of our country. The difference between male domestic pigs, denoted by the terms "boar" and "boar", is fundamental. The boar is capable of reproducing offspring, but the boar is not.

From the history of pig breeding

People tamed wild pigs at the stage of the primitive communal system. According to archaeological data, the first "experiments" on the domestication of these animals began about 13 thousand years ago. At first, pigs were kept in a semi-wild state (as the Papuans of New Guinea keep them now), without much concern for selection and fattening. It is not known exactly how and when a person figured out what is the difference between a boar and a boar in terms of the quality and quantity of meat obtained from one individual.

One thing is clear: they learned to distinguish them a long time ago. This is indirectly evidenced by the fact that in Russian words with different roots are used to designate a boar and a boar. Most likely, this happened after the pigs were completely domesticated, that is, they began to build special pigsties for them. Maintenance costs have increased, which has led to the need for especially high-quality meat.

Comparison

It is difficult to say at what period and in what way the ancient people determined that a castrated animal gains weight faster than an uncastrated one. But, however, such knowledge appeared and was actively applied in practice. In addition, the meat from the castrato was not just more. Due to the cessation of sexual activity, the pig became inactive, which led to the accumulation of fat in the body, and this made the flesh even softer, more tender and tasty.

The procedure for converting a male domestic pig from a boar (uncastrated) to a boar (neuter) is simple. A livestock specialist comes to a piglet that has not reached the age of three months - and snip with scissors! And the future boar (this word is used to refer to adult male producers) turns into a future boar - a castrate intended for fattening. In the future, it remains only to choose the right diet and diet.