How to make a foundation basement with facing tiles. The better and cheaper to finish the base. Depending on the material used, there are

According to the architectural canons, the plinth is a part of the building lying on the foundation, and is considered as a transitional wall between the foundation and the outer walls of the house. The complex of works on the exterior finishing of the entire building includes measures for finishing the basement, while the finishing materials for the basement of the house are somewhat different from the materials chosen for finishing the walls of the house. This is due to the proximity of the basement to the ground, where it is more susceptible to moisture and cold air than the walls of the residential building themselves. Thanks to the development of modern technologies for finishing the exterior surfaces of residential buildings and the creation of new finishing materials, builders of private houses have received ample opportunities for arranging original and practical plinths within affordable prices.

After finishing the basement, it even visually differs from the building. Source domzzz.ru

Purpose and functions of the base

Builders and architects have different interpretations of the purpose of the basement. Builders consider the plinth as part of the foundation, while architects consider it to be the lower part of the wall.

It is interesting! From the point of view of ancient Italian architects, the plinth is an independent structural element - the foot of a building, column or monument, lying on the foundation (the Italian word "zoccolo" literally translates as a shoe with a wooden sole).

In accordance with building codes, the foundation walls must be raised above the ground to a height of 15 to 250 cm. This visible part of the base, called the foundation wall, is called the plinth. The basement is an intermediate structure that combines the load-bearing walls of the building with the foundation. On fig. below is a concrete foundation, in which the plinth is brick.

The construction of a brick base on the foundation Source vi.decorexpro.com

The main functions of the basement wall of the building are:

perception of the load from the upper part of the residential building (bearing function);

ensuring the stability of the building, creating a solid pedestal, the perception of linear deformations during the settlement of the house (support function);

protection of walls from the effects of atmospheric sedimentary moisture (waterproofing function);

providing thermal protection for basements (heat-insulating function);

fencing the space between the piles and the grillage in the case of a pile foundation (enclosing function);

creation of an appropriate architectural appearance of the erected building (architectural and decorative function).

Video description

More about the advantages of the basement on the video:

Differences between basement and basement

The basement floor, also called the ground floor, should not be confused with the basement and presented as a kind of dark, damp room.

It is important! The basement floor is located inside the perimeter of the foundation walls and can be equipped in buildings with any type of foundation. The basement can only be equipped inside the strip foundation. In some variants of foundations (such as piles), the plinth is simply absent. In the case of a pile foundation, the pile heads are raised above the ground to a height of at least 20 cm, and a grillage is laid on them, which serves as a support for the walls of the house.

On fig. Below is a house on a pile foundation, where the piles protrude at a considerable distance from the ground. To close the resulting free gap, a false base is formed by laying piers of facing bricks or sheathing piles with decorative panels such as siding. Finishing the foundation will be inexpensively provided by using materials used for the outer cladding of the facade, taking into account the location of the false base.

For such a house you need a false base Source tema.ru

Using the example of false plinths, the main differences between the basement and the basement become clear:

The walls of the basement of the house are always load-bearing, the load from the upper floors of the building is partially distributed on them. The walls of the basement are not always load-bearing, but can only perform enclosing and architectural and decorative functions without the perception of weight loads from the building.

The ground floor can be buried to a slight depth or even be above ground. Basement - a room buried in the ground. The basement can be classified as a basement, while the basement is not always buried in the ground and cannot be considered a basement in such cases.

Ground options for the ground floor are preferable in regions with deep freezing of the soil and during construction in areas with closely spaced groundwater. The arrangement of basements in such cases is very difficult and is associated with significant financial costs.

Despite such a significant difference in purpose and design, the ground floor and the basement allow identical practical applications to each other - on their areas you can equip a workshop, a garage, plan a living room and even build a full-fledged sauna.

Types of base structures

Practiced options for finishing the basement of the house take into account its location relative to the plane of the outer wall (see the figure below):

Types of location of the base relative to the wall Source domsireni.ru

a - protruding type;

b - in one plane (flush);

in - sinking.

The figure shows the following positions:

pos. 1 - outer wall;

pos. 2 - waterproofing;

pos. 3 - foundation.

The protruding type of foot (pos. a) gives the building the appearance of a powerful building of increased stability. From an architectural and aesthetic point of view, the protruding type is more advantageous than the foundation walls, made flush or recessed.

Appearance of the protruding base Source remont.kz

However, they necessarily require the construction of a protective eaves with drain functions to prevent water from running off the walls onto the basement. The construction of a foundation wall of a protruding type is advisable for houses with thin walls or when building a warm underground for its thermal protection, in order to compensate for the small thickness of the outer wall with its width.

A sinking-type basement (pos. c), when the outer wall (pos. 1) hangs over the foundation (pos. 3), is considered more efficient and reliable in terms of protecting the waterproofing layer (pos. 2) from mechanical stress and atmospheric moisture. It is more economical in terms of material consumption, since the thickness is less, and the construction of a drain cornice is not required. But as for its aesthetic qualities, the opinions of architects differ diametrically. Some are convinced of the aesthetic loss due to the impression that the house has a reduced stability compared to the actual one. Other designers consider the outline of the sunken plinth to be more compact and modern.

It looks like a wall with a sinking plinth Source domsireni.ru

Sometimes the plinth is built flush with the plane of the wall. It is believed that in such cases the waterproofing line is broken, and the location of the waterproofing layer itself looks random.

When constructing a flush base, it differs only in color. Source 2gis.ru

The purpose of the basement finish, requirements for finishing materials

The basement experiences a greater volume of loads than the underground part of the base of the building. Along with the weight load from the entire structure, it has to counteract the buoyancy forces from the soil during soil heaving, that is, the mechanical loads on the base turn out to be multidirectional.

It is clear that for finishing the surface of the basement wall, it is necessary to use materials with increased quality indicators compared to traditional cladding. In addition to mechanical loads, they must withstand the effects of the environment well:

temperature fluctuations;

negative impact of sedimentary moisture - rain, snow, melt water, condensing fog;

exposure to solar ultraviolet;

wind loads.

As a result, finishing the basement of the house is carried out for the following purposes:

minimizing the negative impact on the foundation and the lower layers of the outer walls of the weather conditions of the environment;

preventing the penetration of dirt and chemical compounds into the materials of the walls of a residential building, provoking the processes of destruction of the foundation;

protection of the foundation from the possible formation of mold, fungus, insects.

Video description

In the video, an example of how to veneer the basement of a house inexpensively and beautifully on a pile foundation:

Rough plinth protection

In order for the base to fully perform its functions for a long time, it must be protected from wind loads, temperature extremes, atmospheric and all-penetrating ground moisture. Before proceeding with the finishing of the basement wall, it is necessary to carry out a set of measures for the so-called rough protection of the basement. There are five main aspects of the draft protection of the basement from possible destruction and the prevention of distortions of the geometry of the building itself.

On our website you can find contacts of companies specializing in finishing materials for decoration of country houses. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Laying drainage communications along the perimeter of the basement wall

To create a drainage system for the basement, a trench is dug into which drainage pipes are laid with perforation over the entire surface. Through them, the moisture that has got inside will be diverted to the drainage well. A trench with drainage pipes laid in a special way is sprinkled with sand and gravel, then filled with earth.

Video description

In the video, an example of drainage for the basement:

Applying waterproofing to the outside of the basement wall

The basement is waterproofed after the initial waterproofing of the foundation base and armored belt. Sequence of work:

the foundation superstructure is coated with hot bitumen or bituminous mastic;

several layers of roofing material are applied on top;

covered with a penetrating waterproofing composition.

Production of blind areas

The blind area is called an inclined strip filled with concrete around the perimeter of the building, coming close to the basement wall. A slight slope "away from the wall" prevents water from accumulating near the foundation superstructure during rain or when snow melts. The width of the blind area must be at least 25 cm greater than the size of the roof extension. Sequence of work:

remove the top of the soil;

lay a drainage cushion of sand and gravel;

a layer of concrete is poured over the pillow with a slope from the wall.

Blind area for the foundation Source subscribe.ru

Plastering the plinth surface

It is carried out in order to level and strengthen the surface. This reduces the likelihood of cracking, provoking subsequent possible destruction. Usually, in preparation for plastering, a metal mesh is pre-packed and then plaster is applied. To impart water-repellent properties to the solution, a plasticizer is added to it.

Installation of ebbs

These structural elements act as a protective visor for the foundation wall. The ebbs can be ceramic, steel or aluminum, plastic or brick.

Upon completion of the complex of protective measures, they proceed to the main finishing of the basement.

Plinth finishing methods

Among the methods of finishing the basement wall, practiced in private housing construction, the most popular are the following technologies:

applying decorative plaster, creating relief compositions imitating granite, marble or natural stones;

the use of decorative siding panels;

finishing with profiled sheet and corrugated board;

resin tiling;

facing with natural or artificial stones, facing bricks, clinker tiles;

sheathing with thermal panels;

finishing with slate and cement particle boards.

Photo of finishing the basement of the house - imitation of stone when finishing the basement Source domsireni.ru

Finishing with decorative plaster

Finishing the plinth or facing the foundation cheaply without loss of operational and aesthetic qualities can be done by decorative plastering. The main advantages of this technique are:

sufficiently high vapor permeability;

resistance to temperature changes;

ease of application to the plastered surface;

wide variety of color palette;

good maintainability for repair and restoration work;

affordable price.

Additional Information. Experts believe that when comparing the entire range of indicators in terms of cost, quality, durability, maintainability and practicality of the coating, finishing the plinth with plaster turns out to be the most advantageous option.

Among the shortcomings, users note:

small operational resource;

the need for constant updating of the paint coating;

difficulties in washing the surface from contamination.

Modern trends in the artistic and decorative design of the facades of residential buildings did not leave without attention the plaster finish of the plinths.

Decorative plaster can give the surface any shape Source dom-steny.ru

In private homes, the most popular types of plaster are now used, creating exclusive compositions:

texture compositions used to create paintings, drawings, color mosaics;

glazing compositions that help in creating interesting effects;

relief decoration "under the stone".

siding finish

When finishing the basement of a private house in Moscow with its climate and colder regions, siding panels are often used - the term “basement siding” has even entered into construction practice. At its core, siding is a universal way to finish any surface of a house, however, basement sheathing panels are somewhat different from classic wall counterparts.

If wall sidings are represented by panels with a thickness of 0.7-1.2 mm and a length of almost 4 meters, then reinforced panels are produced for the basement with a thickness of 2.5 to 3.0 mm (almost 3 times thicker than wall cladding!) And a length of 1 0-1.13 m with a width of up to 47 cm. This ensures increased resistance to mechanical damage, including accidental impacts, and rigidity with respect to temperature deformations.

Standard brick siding panel Source sargorstroy.ru

In the Russian market of facing materials, basement siding is represented by plastic and metal panels that imitate natural stones, wood, and brick in texture. Plastic plinth panels are made from PVC and polypropylene resins, modified with special components to improve strength, resistance to fire and precipitation. Metal - steel and aluminum.

The main advantages of basement siding include:

increased strength and rigidity of each panel individually and of the assembled structure as a whole;

resistance to the negative effects of biological factors - fungus, mold, insects;

excellent moisture resistance;

increased mechanical strength in relation to impacts and chipping;

wear resistance to abrasive action of dust and debris particles;

small deformations due to temperature differences, building settlement or soil swelling;

wide temperature range of application - the panels do not lose their properties both in severe frost (up to minus 50 degrees C) and in heat exceeding + 50 degrees. C);

resistance to solar ultraviolet - the material does not quickly age, and the color does not fade;

excellent maintainability - if necessary, the panels are easily replaced;

ease of care - the panels are easily washed from dirt.

A significant disadvantage of basement siding is the need to equip a special frame, which significantly increases the cost of the finishing material and the laboriousness of finishing work.

Siding panels cannot be installed without crates Source podvaldoma.ru

Installing basement siding panels also has its pros and cons. The advantages of the panel installation process include the following aspects:

panels are installed on any type of plinth;

no pre-leveling of the wall surface is required;

high culture and cleanliness of installation and installation works;

the fastening of the panels with the frame battens by means of self-tapping screws and with each other with spikes and clamps ensures a rigid fixation of the siding on the plinth.

Installation problems for plinth panels include:

the need to properly position the frame under the panels;

painstaking installation, the likelihood of marriage when connecting panels, which may subsequently affect the appearance of the base and its performance;

the need to use a special tool for cutting and fitting panels.

Finishing with profiled sheet and corrugated board

Lining the plinth with a profiled steel sheet is to some extent an analogue of the siding technology, only the plinth panels are replaced with a profiled sheet or corrugated board with a corresponding refinement of the frame. In addition to the protective function, finishing can also be performed for decorative purposes.

Video description

In the video, an example of finishing the basement of an old house:

The wave profile of the corrugated sheet is made more rigid than that of the corrugated board. According to their purpose, profiled sheets are used as roofing material, however, C13 corrugated board, having a wave height of 13 mm, is allowed for facing the plinths of private residential buildings. The thickness of the corrugated board is 0.6-0.7 mm, which is quite enough to create a solid sheathing of the foundation superstructure. The professional flooring is delivered with a galvanized or polymeric covering.

The advantages of a profiled sheet include:

high strength qualities;

external attractiveness, the possibility of implementing various types of design compositions;

resistance to corrosion and discoloration from environmental influences;

ease of installation, minimal laboriousness for installation on a plinth;

price availability.

It is important! Facing the basement with corrugated board refers to budget options for finishing foundation and basement walls and clearly outperforms other technologies in terms of price / quality.

Among the shortcomings, two factors can be noted:

the monotony of the corrugated pattern, which is perceived by some users as an indicator of an unpresentable interior;

the need to take into account the geometry of the overall design of the building, since the wave bends of the sheets may not correspond at all to the artistic style of the building (“do not fit” into the design).

The question of combining the drawings of the wall and the basement is one of the main ones when finishing the basement of a private house with a profiled sheet Source sevparitet.ru

Resin tiles

The plinth tiles produced with resin binders are only 3-5 mm thick. Tiles are easily bent at any angle, they can even be rolled up, so this facing material is commonly called flexible stone. The length of the tile varies from 24 to 36 cm with a width of 5 to 7 cm. Resin-based tiles are produced with a smooth and embossed surface that imitates the entire range of natural facing materials in color and texture - stone, wood, facing brick.

Facing from "flexible stone" Source moypodval.ru

Due to their high flexibility, resin-based tiles can be easily laid on plinths of any configuration, including arcuate geometries. Features of the installation of such tiles are as follows:

when laying, the tiles are glued with special glue to the previously leveled and primed surface of the basement wall;

it is allowed to lay tiles directly on concrete surfaces and on the top layer of thermal insulation;

tiles are easily cut with a knife and large scissors;

the time of complete drying of the glue is 2-3 days.

Finishing with stone, brick, clinker tiles

Finishing the basement "under the stone" or "under the brick" gives the residential building solidity and monumentality. It is not at all necessary for home owners to spend money on granite, marble, rubble stone or brick. The decorative functions of finishing from natural stone materials are successfully performed by various types of facing tiles with a texture that imitates natural stones or bricks.

Natural stone tiles

It is a complete decorative alternative to classic stone foundation masonry. On the back side, the tile is smooth, and on the front side, the stone is not processed, retaining its natural originality.

Facing with natural stone is a great option for finishing the foundation of a wooden house. Source moypodval.ru

Facing tiles "under the stone", imitating natural stones, are made on a cement-sand basis with the addition of paint, plasticizers and protective compounds. Artificial stones have high strength characteristics, do not absorb water, and are easy to clean with a water jet. Artificial stone is more ductile than natural stone, so it can better withstand accidental impacts and sudden temperature changes.

Facing "under the stone" Source piatachok.ru

Clinker

Clinker tiles are a variant of facing bricks made by annealing a special refractory clay. Sintered clay is very hard and its glossy surface is highly hydrophobic. After laying, clinker tiles create an imitation of brickwork.

It is important! Clinker tiles are highly chemically inert to negative environmental influences and surpass natural and artificial stones in their durability.

Facing the basement with clinker - as an option, how to finish the foundation of the house from the outside Source tr.decorexpro.com

Facing brick is a natural ceramic product that fully imitates brickwork. It has high heat-insulating and strength qualities, which are so necessary to protect the basement and the entire facade.

Basement trimmed with facing bricks Source domsireni.ru

Finishing basement thermal panels

Socle thermal panels are facing tiles equipped with a heater on the inside. The facing decorative material of thermal panels is clinker tiles imitating natural stones, brick, shell rock, porcelain stoneware tiles or ordinary ceramic tiles imitating “brick-like”. Polyurethane foam or extruded polystyrene foam is used as a heater. The thickness of the insulation layer is 20-80 mm.

Note! Practice has shown that the use of thermal panels with foamed polystyrene for lining the basement wall is unacceptable. This option of insulation is short-lived and is characterized by weak heat-shielding properties.

Thermal panels are exterior decoration and insulation Source blogremonta.com

Finishing with slate and cement particle board

Finishing the basement base with flat slate is a good budget option for the exterior of the house. Asbestos fiber, Portland cement and water are used to make flat slate. The lining of the basement wall is recommended to be made of pressed slate, which is much denser and stronger than its unpressed counterpart. The main advantages of slate materials include:

resistance to aggression of sedimentary moisture;

low coefficient of water absorption;

resistance to low temperatures and sudden temperature changes;

resistance to open flame, slate sheets do not burn;

slate can be painted using acrylic primer and acrylic or silicone paint;

long service life within 25-30 years.

Of the shortcomings, the following factors are necessarily mentioned:

increased fragility - slate is able to collapse from the effects of a dynamic nature, for example, from being hit by a stone;

asbestos dust generated when cutting sheets during installation is extremely harmful to humans. Sheets are processed only in respirators.

Budget options for finishing the basement Source domsireni.ru

Cement-bonded particle boards (DSP) are made by pressing wood shavings with cement. CBPB is based on chips of a large fraction, the upper layer is formed from chips of a finer fraction. On the building materials market, DSP is offered with a sheet thickness of 8-36 mm. For finishing the basement wall, sheets with a thickness of 16 to 20 mm are used.

The advantages of the DSP are as follows:

good moisture resistance;

resistance to low ambient temperatures;

high degree of fire safety of DSP sheathing;

resistance to decay;

ease of machining.

There are two disadvantages:

the large weight of each element of the skin;

service life does not exceed 15 years.

Finishing the basement in a wooden house

When finishing the foundation of a wooden house and lining the basement, special attention is paid to the careful implementation of waterproofing and thermal insulation of the entire basement belt around the building. The wood from which the walls of the dwelling are built is susceptible to the processes of decay and mold reproduction, and is vulnerable to excess sediment and ground moisture. Only reliable protection of the base will prevent the penetration of liquid into the wall part and prevent it from freezing in the cold season. After taking measures for waterproofing and thermal protection of the basement, it can be finished using the technologies described above.

Finishing the basement of a wooden house Source remlandia.ru

Conclusion

The resource of long-term trouble-free operation of a residential building depends on the strength and reliability of the basement belt around the building. When the basement is destroyed, a destructive reaction of the building begins, leading to a deterioration in the appearance of the building and a decrease in its strength qualities, up to local destruction of the walls and foundation. Any way to finish the basement to a certain extent protects and ennobles the facade of the building. Developers are only required to achieve an optimal match between price, quality and decorative properties of the finishing material, so that the basement cladding does not stand out from the overall picture of the building's appearance.

Being engaged in facing the house, special attention must be paid to the finishing of the basement. Depending on the construction technology, it can act as a separate element or be a separate part of the foundation that rises above the ground. Unlike the main wall, it has direct contact with the ground, which is why a lot of attention must be paid to finishing this area. It may well be possible to finish the basement with your own hands, but at the same time, experts recommend taking into account some points and nuances.

Before studying the materials and technologies for finishing the basement, it is worth deciding on its type. So, depending on the location of the foundation to the outer plane of the wall, the following main types are distinguished:

1. Speaker. Such a foundation is poured for thin walls, so you should first worry about arranging the drain. Otherwise, water will accumulate on the ledge. As a result, it will lead to destruction.
2. One level. In modern construction, this technology is rarely used, since it will be too difficult to achieve the desired level of waterproofing in the process of exterior decoration.
3. sinking. A common option that will be easy to protect from the effects of natural factors, since it does not need a drain. Facing in this case will be less deformed from snow and rain.

Decorative plaster

A fairly common method of finishing the foundation, moreover, it does not require special knowledge or abilities. Work is performed in the following order:

1. Cleaning the surface of the foundation from dust and dirt.
2. Applying a deep penetration primer.
3. In the presence of clearly defined irregularities, it is recommended to fix the reinforcing mesh. Suitable welded, woven or made of fiberglass.
4. Applying a layer of decorative plaster.
5. After complete drying, you can start painting.

Giving preference to decorative plaster, it should be remembered that this option is not suitable for finishing the protruding basement. High loads on the material will soon deform the applied layer, and it will lose its attractiveness.

On a still wet layer of plaster, imprints of a pattern or pattern are applied, and structuring is also performed.

It is possible to veneer the plinth with both natural and artificial stone. Let's take a closer look at the natural version. It should be borne in mind that it has a lot of weight, so the finishing process will be quite laborious. Despite the complexity of the process, many decide to do it on their own. The order of work is as follows:

1. Surface cleaning and priming.
2. Selection of suitable elements in shape and size.
3. Application of adhesive solution in a thick layer.
4. Laying stone, starting from the bottom row. This will prevent the heavy stone from sliding down.
5. Coating with frost-resistant and water-repellent composition.

It is also worth considering that the stone will add load to the foundation. Additional calculations will be required to ensure that this finish can be applied.

This artificial material in modern construction and decoration is very common. The list of its benefits includes:

• wear resistance;
• strength;
• resistance to temperature extremes;
• low rate of water absorption.

Due to the presence of the latter indicator, porcelain stoneware is insensitive to frost. To date, the hardware store has a large assortment of porcelain tiles:

• matte;
• satin;
• polished;
• glazed;
• aged;
• imitating leather, stone and fabric.

Considering the process of finishing the basement with the selected material, it should be said that it is fixed either on the frame or with special adhesive solutions. The frame method is provided for additional insulation. This method is more laborious, but you can also do it yourself:

1. Foundation preparation: cleaning and priming.
2. Metal slats with already existing special fasteners act as a frame. It is with their help that the slats are fixed to the base. As a result, a small gap is formed between the wall and the grate for ventilation.
3. There should be a distance of 20 cm from the ground to the beginning of the frame. This will be enough to raise the ground in winter.
4. A heater of your choice is inserted into the resulting gap. It is best to give preference to foam or mineral wool.
5. With the help of kleimers, the frame is sheathed with porcelain stoneware slabs.

If we talk about adhesive solutions, then everything is much simpler here: glue is applied to the prepared foundation and the stone is fixed on top.

The use of cement mortar is prohibited, since in this case the stone will simply peel off in the cold.

Vinyl panels

Among the budget ways to finish the basement, this one is the best. The whole secret lies in a simple installation method: the elements are joined together in a tongue-and-groove way. The result is a durable surface. Thanks to siding, the foundation of the house will be reliably protected, as the innovative material has significant advantages:

• resistance to high and sudden changes in temperature;
• durability;
• low sensitivity to moisture;
• there is a wide range of colors and shapes of plates.

In most cases, vinyl panels are used when it is necessary to carry out external insulation. The algorithm of actions is quite simple and implies the presence of such processes:

1. Waterproofing: the film is laid with an overlap of 10–15 cm and fixed with nails or construction tape.
2. Installation of a horizontal crate. Metal rails are used. The step is calculated individually according to the following scheme: 1/3 of the panel length. In this case, the lowest bar should rise above the ground at a distance of 15 cm. The resulting gap should correspond to the size of the insulation plus 3 cm for ventilation.
3. Laying a heat insulator and a vapor barrier.
4. From the bottom of the crate, at the corners, the first plank (corner profile) is fixed.
5. Subsequent panels are fixed to the starting bar and screwed loosely with self-tapping screws. A 3 mm gap should remain from the cap to the panel, since the material can change in volume under the influence of atmospheric phenomena.
6. For a protruding base, a special ebb is installed on top.

The unique technology of siding production allows you to convey the texture of expensive wood, natural stone and other materials.

Ceramic tile

Clinker tiles can also be used as a facing material. In the modern building materials market, clinker tiles are very popular. The surface may be different:

• smooth;
• raw;
• imitate brick;
• imitate paving stones.

When finishing the basement of a house with ceramic tiles, the following work is assumed:

1. Surface cleaning and leveling with special mixtures.
2. Padding.
3. Preparation of the adhesive composition according to the instructions on the package. Applying a 4 mm thick layer to the foundation.
4. Start laying from the outer corner. Particular attention is paid to vertical seams, which should not coincide. For the convenience of creating even seams, it is recommended to use special crosses, which are then removed.
5. The final step is grouting the joints with special frost-resistant compounds.

To emphasize the unity of the created design of the whole house, clinker tiles are used not only for decorating the basement, but also for the corners of the walls.

When applying the solution, care must be taken not to form voids. Otherwise, in winter, they will expand, and the tiles will fall off.

Other materials

In fact, the list of possible materials for decorating the foundation is several times larger. So it is possible to finish the basement of the house with glass, flagstone or ceramic fragments. For these cases, it is recommended to perform the process in this way:

1. Surface cleaning and leveling.
2. Carrying out calculations of the required amount of material, according to the allotted area for cladding.
3. Priming of the base with concrete carbonate. Removal of excess cement on the foundation.
4. Application of tile adhesive or cement (depending on the chosen cladding material). Apply it in stages.
5. Fixing flagstone or colored glass to the prepared base. Secure with light taps to release air.
6. Filling voids between large pieces with small broken elements.
7. Seam cleaning.
8. Coating the dried surface with varnish and installing a protective visor over the protruding part of the foundation.

Thanks to the finishing of the plinth, several problems can be solved at the same time: immediate protection, additional thermal insulation, as well as giving a complete look. Only the owner himself will be able to choose the best option, since the choice will depend on personal preferences and desires. It is not so difficult to do the cladding on your own, as can be seen from the above article.

Video

How to make a plinth tile finish, see below:

A photo

Finishing the basement of a private building performs not only a decorative function, but also protects the lower part of the building from environmental influences. The basement is a part of the foundation that rises above the surface of the earth, protecting it from moisture and cold. Therefore, it must be lined with durable and resistant, but at the same time beautiful material.

Finishes

Today, the building materials market offers a variety of varieties of foundation finishes. An ordinary consumer is often concerned about the question of what material is ideal for facing the basement of a private house.

There are many options for finishing the basement, the main thing is to choose the most suitable for your home

Options for the most popular finishing materials:

• natural or artificial stone;
• decorative plaster;
• facing brick;
• siding;
• clinker tiles;
• sandwich panels.

Finishing the plinth with natural stone

This type of finish is the most expensive option. In addition, this is a very long-term event. But natural stone is better than many materials in its characteristics, it is resistant to the effects of the natural environment and is extremely durable. If they overlay the facade of a wooden house, it will give the building an expensive and solid look.

Most often it is made of limestone, sandstone, marble, granite or onyx.. Natural stone does not require additional care. Tiles are available in different sizes - from bricks to slabs and textures (smooth or grainy).

Facing the structure with natural stone

Installation of stone tiles:

1. Using an adhesive for working with stone, the tiles are glued one by one to the base. To avoid peeling and cracking, use only this adhesive.
2. To achieve the effect of integrity, the distance between small tiles should be no more than 6 mm, and between large tiles - 2-3 mm or 1-2 cm, with a visible separation.
3. The filling of the joints is done with a frost-resistant mortar, and the processing of sandstones and limestones is carried out with a water-repellent agent.

Finishing the plinth with artificial stone

Existing options for artificial stone, as well as a large selection of colors, allow you to choose the material for every taste. It must be durable, resistant to moisture and temperature extremes.

Artificial material is visually almost indistinguishable from natural, but has a lower cost.

Finishing the product with artificial stone

Installation of artificial tiles.

Stone tiles are glued to an elastic or plain mortar. It would be better to treat the lined base with a water-repellent agent, this measure will increase the service life by more than 3-4 years.

Finishing the plinth with siding

Facing the plinth with siding is an economical and quick type of finish. The material is not afraid of temperature fluctuations and moisture, which makes it possible to use in any conditions.

The cost of siding panels is much lower than stone ones, and finishing work is faster and easier. In addition, this material is quite beautiful, and also looks solid.

The process of installing the plinth with siding

Plinth plastering

This is a relatively inexpensive, but effective way to insulate and protect the foundation from environmental influences. In the old days, the basement was simply plastered, now it is mandatory to insulate the foundation with all kinds of heat-insulating materials, followed by the application of plaster.

Coating with decorative plaster

Insulation prevents the penetration of cold to the foundation of the building, while the mesh creates a solid basis for applying the mortar and structural strength. To protect against moisture and improve the appearance, the surface of the foundation is then painted.

You can veneer the finished base with stone or siding.

Decorative finishing of the foundation

Such a finish consists in decorating the foundation by painting, creating effects, and siding. Also, with a rasp, you can create a semblance of brick or masonry, mark the seams with contrasting paint or veneer with stone.

Finishing the basement of the house with mineral plaster

This type of material contains small fractions from 0.8 to 3 mm in diameter. The resin contained in the basis of the plaster gives it water-repellent properties. At the same time, the material is resistant to cold, mechanical damage.. Possesses vapor permeability.

It is possible to apply the material on concrete, gypsum and mineral plasters. Mosaic plaster cannot be applied over unnatural bases.

Plastering process:

1. Mineral plaster is applied manually. Before applying mosaic plaster, the base should be lightly covered with a plaster mortar to enhance adhesion to the foundation.
2. Mosaic plaster is laid in a layer corresponding to the diameter of the fractions. Smooth with a stainless steel grater before it dries. The direction of movement of the grater does not change. Work is carried out on a wet surface to avoid visible joints.
3. The finished base in the very first days is treated with a hydrophobic composition.

Thermal panels

Thermal panels are glued to the plinth like ordinary tiles. Glue-foam or glue for polystyrene foam is applied to their ends. The panels are glued and the seams are rubbed. The grout paste should be the color of thermal panels or white. For optimal shrinkage, it includes marble chips.

Warming of the corners of a wooden house is carried out using a corner thermopanel, made by hand using a construction knife.

Finishing the structure with thermal panels

1. It does not need processing, as well as coloring.
2. It does not get dirty, there is a self-cleaning effect.
3. Easy installation and replacement of damaged thermal panels.
4. The outer layer of the panel is protected from moisture and vapor permeable.
5. It is insensitive to ultraviolet, well reflects the rays.
6. Thermal panels are characterized by elasticity, strength, durability.
7. It is resistant to temperature extremes.
8. It has heat-insulating and sound-proofing properties.
9. The panel is not subject to mold.

Facing the plinth with thermal panels with clinker tiles

Such thermal panels can not only improve the appearance of the base of a private wooden house, but also insulate the foundation.

The design of the thermal panel with clinker tiles

Clinker tiles imitate brick, but at a much cheaper price. It is made by firing, like natural clinker bricks.

Thermal panels are extruded polystyrene foam boards finished with appropriate decorative elements. They are easy and quick to install, provide insulation, as well as protection from moisture.

Clinker tiles

A foundation sheathed with such tiles looks like a clinker brick wall, only much lighter and thinner. The tiles are glued to plaster, concrete and thermal insulation. It can bend and stick even on curved surfaces.

Facing the house with clinker tiles

Do-it-yourself plinth finishing:

1. First, the line from which the tiles begin to be laid is determined (the height of the plinth divided by the width of the tiles, plus the width of the joint).
2. Glue is applied to the tile and base with an area of ​​1 square meter.
3. Starting from the corner, the first 4 tiles are glued.
4. After 2-3 days, the tile joints can be filled with a cold-resistant jointing mortar. This is not necessary, because the puffer can be replaced by glue protruding from the seams.
5. Such a tile does not need water-repellent impregnation, since it does not absorb moisture.

PVC paneling

This material will be a good choice for the owners of a private house who decide to do without wet work. The panels can be easily installed on your own. In appearance, they may resemble mosaic plaster or the surface of a brick wall. They are granules made of natural material, recessed in the plane of the panels.

Facing the building with PVC panels

1. The level is set and the starting profile is set at the bottom of the foundation.
2. With the help of grooves and ridges, adjacent elements are connected.
3. The upper part of the plinth is covered with an overlay profile.
4. The corners are covered with corner pieces.
5. A plinth sheathed in this way does not need to be treated with a water-repellent agent.

The foundation can be finished with small (0.4 by 0.18 m) or large (0.6 by 0.18 m and 1.2 by 0.18 m) panels in 40 color combinations.

Covering the plinth of a wooden house with sandwich panels

The panels are made of two layers of material (mainly metal) connected by hot pressing insulation. Due to the layered structure, the panels provide excellent insulation, durability and strength. In addition, they look presentable and are easy to install, without excessive load on the base.

How to mount the panel to the plinth

The surface can be smooth, decorated or profiled.

The above materials for lining the plinth are the most popular with the consumer, due to their decorative, heat-insulating and water-repellent qualities. Insulation of the basement of a wooden house can be performed using any of them.

Reading time ≈ 9 minutes

Many owners of private houses are wondering how to sheathe the foundation of the house from the outside, and at the same time make the procedure cheap and beautiful. If you don’t know how, then we will not only tell you, but also attach a photo to make it more efficient.

The socle is the part of the foundation that is above the ground. Therefore, the same features of finishing work are used here as for the rest of the base. This includes many activities:

• creating a blind area;
• primary plastering (not in all cases);
• waterproofing and much more.

But individual features follow from the conditions of the area and the characteristics of each individual building. A beautiful foundation goes well with.

Nice finish option

After the construction, it would seem, has already been completed, many are wondering: how to finish the basement so that it is beautiful and at the same time not very expensive? The modern construction market is replete with finishing materials, but often their cost is very high. And often, such work will require not only experience, but also professional tools. Therefore, if we talk about inexpensive cladding, then the choice is not so great. Let's consider each of these options in more detail.

Options for a beautiful foundation sheathing

If you are looking for how to sheathe the foundation of a house from the outside cheaply and beautifully, as in the photo, then study the options below. They are quite budgetary in terms of costs, but no less beautiful than expensive plating options. In addition, to work with such materials, you do not have to spend money on equipment and look for craftsmen with experience. You can do everything yourself.

Preparing the plinth for finishing

Before facing the base, it should be properly prepared for this. Since it is very important for the entire building, you need to take care of its safety. To do this, it should be well insulated and put waterproofing materials. Also, before that, you should take care of choosing the material for cladding the house, for example, choose.

The entire structure is adversely affected by atmospheric phenomena, such as rain, wind, snow, and temperature changes. The main task is to prevent cold air. It must not seep into the building. Indeed, otherwise it will displace warm air. Another unpleasant phenomenon will be condensate, which is sure to appear at the point of contact of cold and warm air masses.

Plinth finish

Condensation is very dangerous, because moisture provokes the appearance of various mold and fungal growths. So it is important not to skip the preparatory work.

1. If the house is not new and was built a long time ago, then it is worth carrying out work to free the basement from under the ground. You will have to remove the soil to the required level.
2. Then the walls should be left for a while so that they dry well.
3. After that, you should clean and level the work surface so that the finish of the base is as even and correct as possible. So the plates of insulating material will lie flat and tight to the foundation.
4. Installation of insulation boards takes place from the bottom up.
5. For fixing, use special long dowels.
6. After laying the slabs, they are often reinforced. To do this, use the construction grid. The cladding is installed directly on it.

The lower part of the foundation walls should be covered with earth. Waterproofing actions take place before work on insulation and cladding takes place.

Foundation processing scheme

Important: if the building is built on a site with high soil moisture, then a drainage system should be equipped around the perimeter of the house. And the foundation itself is covered on both sides with a special solution that does not allow moisture to pass through.

Preparation begins with a thorough inspection of the foundation:

• it must be durable and have a flat surface;
• you need to remove all dirt, dust and debris so that it does not interfere;
• if you notice any recesses and other defects, then use special tools to remove them and level the entire surface of the base as much as possible, you can also use plaster for this;
• after everything is done, let the surface dry well;
• now everything should be treated with a primer to increase the adhesion between the finishing layer and the facade itself;
• if panels are used in the decoration, then preliminary lathing is indispensable.

Plaster

Foundation finishing

The simplest and most affordable option for finishing the foundation is plaster. The versatility of this material allows it to be used for finishing work on buildings that are built from any material - brick, cellular concrete, foam blocks, and so on. The exception is houses made of wood. After all, the harmony of plaster and wood can hardly be achieved.

The advantages of this material are:

• high rate of vapor permeability;
• well withstands large fluctuations and temperature differences with a large difference;
• has good maintainability;
• the material is easy to use and does not require special skills and devices;
• resistant to moisture and liquids - the level of moisture permeability is determined depending on the presence of certain additives and their quantity, which were introduced into the plaster solution;
• the color of such a lining can be changed quite often, while the cost of changing the palette will be small;
• plaster allows you to imitate many finishing materials, for example, you can create an imitation of natural stone or tile (the skill and imagination of the master can do wonders);
• the cost of this material is minimal.

Plastered house plinth

But of course, this type of finish has some disadvantages, which should not be missed:

• the strength of the material is not at the highest level, so the service life is quite small;
• caring for such a coating has its own difficulties - if dirt gets on the plastered foundation, then it can be cleaned only when it dries; decorative mixtures for plastering are more unpretentious in terms of care, however, such compositions are expensive;
• if the plaster is applied superficially, then the paintwork will have to be updated periodically.

1. If you did not plan to insulate the foundation separately, then it is still recommended to lay polystyrene foam boards before plastering. This will not only insulate, but also level the base.
2. A plaster mesh is mounted on the plates.
3. After applying the plaster, it can be painted. Choose the right paint for this. But here opinions differ. It is still recommended to introduce the paint into the plaster solution itself. This will make the composition uniform in color. On the other hand, painting on top will clog all the pores and then moisture will not get inside. But at the same time, vapor permeability suffers.

Stone of artificial origin

If you choose the right stone, then it will be an excellent option for facing the foundation. It is a durable and relatively inexpensive material. Yes, and the appearance allows you to achieve a beautiful aesthetic effect.

The advantages of the stone are:

• stone (artificial) is quite easy to create yourself, so you will spend more time on construction work, but less money;
• many facing options;
• long service life;
• high strength;
• maintainability;
• the weight of such material is not very large;
• ease of work (just stick the stone on the base).

Plinth trimmed with artificial stone

Of the minuses are:

• finishing work is carried out only in the warm season - this is justified by the characteristics of the adhesive solution;
• this method requires increased attention and accuracy from the worker, and the work itself takes a lot of time and effort.

So, choosing this method, you should be prepared for a difficult workflow. In this case, this finishing option is combined with.

Another stone finish

Brick

Brick is also an affordable material, and its cost is quite acceptable. It has a lot of advantages over other foundation sheathing materials:

• a large selection of decorative brick colors;
• resistance to temperature extremes - equally well resists high and low temperatures;
• poorly absorbs water;
• as a cladding, it also performs good sound insulation and thermal insulation;
• long service life (up to 20 years).

Despite these positive qualities, the brick has several disadvantages:

• the weight of the facing brick is quite decent, so this will create an additional load on the base of the house;
• to sheathe the basement with bricks, you will have to choose special compounds for gluing bricks;
• the walls must be perfectly even, since it is almost impossible to stick it on an old and cracked wall.

But still, this material is one of the most popular methods in comparison with stone and other artificial materials.

Brick lining of the foundation

Tile

Before you start decorating the basement with tiles, you should decide on its type. There are several types of such facing tiles.

1. The tile is clinker. Its thickness and weight are slightly less than a brick. Installation takes place by gluing. In this case, it is worth applying a special frost-resistant solution to the tile and the base itself. The advantage is high speed. It almost does not absorb water and gives a beautiful aesthetic appearance to the building.
2. Stone tiles (natural). It will look great and spectacular. Such tiles are made of marble or limestone. This will depend on its cost.
3. Sand (polymer) tiles. Made from composite tiles. Lightweight, so it does not create additional load on the building. Screws act as fasteners. Has good moisture resistance.
4. Resin tiles. Has flexibility. The tile can imitate clinker tiles and other materials. It can be cut with scissors, so it is very easy to work with.

Resin tiling

To visually see the process of sheathing the base, watch the video, which describes this process in detail.

Now you know how to sheathe the foundation of the house from the outside, making it cheap and beautiful and so that everything is as in the photo. The main thing is to get out of your own desires and individual characteristics of the building. After all, facing the foundation is not just an ennoblement of your home, but also an additional protection of the basement itself. By correctly selecting and combining materials, you can keep the building as long as possible in its original form. And then you can and the stove in the bath!

The foundation load-bearing structures of the building are mainly located underground and hidden from view. A basement is, generally speaking, a part of a building or its foundation that protrudes above the zero level. This is the area that we see, literally, the foundation on which the house stands. The basement area is visible in most buildings, even if the decoration disguises it as the main color and texture of the building.

The plinth is trimmed so that its appearance is in harmony with the house, without breaking out of the general style. An untreated surface looks unfinished, worsens the impression of the object as a whole.

However, the creation of decorativeness is not the only function of decoration. The task of sheathing the basement section is similar to the task of the basement itself - maintaining wall structures, receiving the load, distributing it and then transferring it to the base. The cladding, like the plinth itself, is subject to constant pressure. It protects the basement level from the impact of negative factors.

Characteristics of the plinth and material for its decoration

If the basement height is less than 0.4 m, it will be difficult to equip a waterproofing layer that can protect the wall from moisture. The base can be flush with the surface, protruding or sinking. Most often, there are protruding and even types of the basement area, although the above-ground sinking parts of the foundation last longer, since they are less susceptible to precipitation. Destructive factors that constantly act on the base are moisture, temperature differences, and the deforming forces of the off-season.

The materials from which the plinth can be made are reinforced concrete, natural stone, brick. The beauty of natural stone allows you not to veneer it with anything. But brick and concrete surfaces imply external decoration. Facial materials can be: plastic, marble chips, ceramic tiles, siding, granite.

Why do you need plinth trim

When choosing finishing materials, you need to be aware that decorativeness is important, but secondary, in relation to the durability of the cladding and its functional characteristics. The protective functions of facade materials must be taken into account first of all. For example, in houses where there is no underground, the basement finish becomes a full-fledged support for wall structures, taking on the pressure of the soil masses. Therefore, the choice of high-quality materials is not only a matter of beauty, but also of safety.

If there is an underground room, cladding is a chance to improve the heat-insulating properties of the basement area. Finishing, coupled with insulators, improves the preservation of heat in the room by an order of magnitude, because it does not go outside through the cold basement.

Paying attention to the performance characteristics of finishing materials is also required because during use, both wear resistance, and strength to mechanical damage, and thermal conductivity, and low hygroscopicity will be important. It is impossible to allow the foundation of the house to be vulnerable to water, to let in moisture, to let in heat.

However, not all materials have the necessary parameters. To solve this problem, foam is used, combining it with decoration. The surface is insulated with foam boards, and then other coatings are installed. Polyfoam complements the properties of the cladding.

What materials can be used to finish the plinth

Moisture transfer is the main thing you want to avoid when applying a facial finish. So that water vapor, passing through the wall into its outer layers, and encountering an insurmountable obstacle - the decoration of the house, does not disturb your peace, the materials used must be of high quality. This will help to avoid the appearance of moisture condensation, smudges, freezing, peeling of different layers of finishes. The cladding must protect against the penetration of water from the outside and ensure the release of vapors from the premises. It is important that its adhesion to the base surface is reliable. Materials that meet these requirements are:

• siding;
• special coatings;
• brick;
• a natural stone;
• other materials (PVC, sand, polymers, decorative plaster).

Finishing the base with your own hands must necessarily take into account those materials that have already been used in the base of the structure. For example, paint suitable for protecting brick products is unacceptable for concrete. By the way, modern paints do not peel from water, because they have additives that allow them to serve for a long time.

Plinth siding trim

When using siding, the exterior finish will be reliable and durable, it does not interfere with the normal passage of fumes. The main thing is to choose siding, the purpose of which is to cover the basement. The installation technology of this material differs significantly from others. You just need to install the finishing panels, with the expectation that their surface does not have to be painted. They are so even, beautiful and not subject to corrosion. The temperature range of siding application is from minus 50 to +60 degrees. Private and housing construction in most regions of Russia just fits into this gap.

Types of siding for finishing the basement area:

1. lining, block house;
2. metal siding;
3. vinyl siding.

clapboard - This is a thin board for sheathing rooms. Block house - lining in the form of a cylinder segment. Materials are used for external or internal work. Despite the popularity of wood finishes, the use of wood has a lot of disadvantages, including:

• poor tolerance to changes in temperature and high humidity;
• susceptibility to burning;
• susceptibility to decay and attack by insects;
• the need for frequent care (at least once a year).

A single layer created by the details of the lining provides high-quality sound insulation. Ecological cleanliness, ease of finishing with a board and accessibility contribute to the popularity of wood.

Metal sandwich panels - fire-resistant, not attractive to rodents and insects, little susceptible to fading in the light. A considerable price and the need to use protective special coatings to avoid corrosion can be attributed to the negative properties of metal sandwich panels. Loading / unloading of material will also be expensive, since the panels are heavy. Therefore, we advise you to use .

Vinyl siding - used for lining the basement at least wood. Ease of installation, reasonable price, lightness of the panels contribute to the use of this material in private construction. Up to 80 percent of the mass of the siding panel is the weight of polyvinyl chloride. And he's light. But, high flammability implies compliance with safety regulations, monitoring the condition of the surface when welding and similar work is carried out at the skin. This type of siding is subject to seasonal changes. The panels tend to decrease or increase in size, depending on the ambient temperature.

Special coatings for plinth finishing

Special coatings, primarily façade paints with high vapor impermeability properties, special plaster compositions. The application of these mixtures is convenient and easy, but the service life is short. But they meet the needs of protection well, they are suitable for a sinking base. The best solution in this category can be called siloxane plaster. The material proved to be excellent as a coating for the base and its parts. Masking of defective surfaces, high “breathing” abilities, as well as the ability of plaster to provide moisture protection during rapid temperature changes are appreciated by builders. The plaster mass is leveled on a metal mesh, leveling and reinforcing the surface. On top, the plaster can be painted.

brick finish

Facial brickwork is a classic of the genre. The main disadvantage of this method is the high cost compared to siding and special coatings. Another disadvantage is a significant increase in the load on the base of the supporting structures. And the advantages include the strength of the brick and its durability. In addition to bricks, we also include clinker tiles here. External similarity with less weight sometimes plays a big role in the choice.

Natural stone finish

Natural stone has the highest strength and beautiful appearance. The stone finish of the plinth is presentable, solid and status. The stone is laid if the base is monolithic or from concrete slabs. Small cobblestones, flagstone, granite or marble - the owner chooses the type of stones. Installing natural stone is complex, expensive and time-consuming, requiring specific skills. If you do not want to mess with individual stones, you can purchase a lightweight stone panel for the plinth.

Natural stone for plinth finishing - applied on cement

Video - finishing the plinth with natural stone

Other materials in the decoration of the basement area

Other materials. We are talking about panels or tiles, the main material of which is sand, polymers; special PVC panels, mosaic plaster, marble chips. In principle, there are no restrictions on finishing. If only the material gave confidence that it would not collapse from moisture and cold.

When laying artificial stone, as well as tiles on a monolithic, concrete or brick basement surface, installation is carried out with an adhesive / doweling. Fixing artificial flagstone is somewhat harder than siding. You will need to hang steel guides, stretch a wire network with certain cells that can hold a stone. Only then do the styling itself.

Facing materials are fabricated from mixtures: asbestos + cement, stone chips + cement, polystyrene foam mixtures. Artificial tiles are made by mixing ground stone with cement.

How to perform the blind area of ​​the basement

The blind area also decorates the building, giving it solidity. A platform is made around the perimeter, which is covered with rubble or gravel so that water does not splash onto the walls. The width of the blind area is determined, firstly, by the size of the overhangs from the eaves (on the roof), and secondly, by the composition of the soil of the site. If subsidence is not typical for the soil, the blind area is expanded by 10-15 cm. The minimum width of this perimeter platform is 0.6 m.

Allows you to adjust the waterproofing of the basement. The mesh structure is concreted, then the concrete is finished.

General rules for finishing the plinth

• When choosing color combinations for decorating a house, it is worth knowing that the darker lower part of the house, which has a shade similar to the color of the roof, is perceived better.
• Usually, the design uses either the principle of a similar color palette, or a combination of contrasts.
• In the case when the wall above the plinth section is made of timber, logs or just the surface is quite even and smooth, it is appropriate to cover the plinth with stone elements that can visually give the structure solidity.
• An example of independent cladding of the basement: we make the design of the basement with our own hands step by step - a “plastushka” stone

We determine the amount of material, color and thickness:

• We calculate the surface area under the cladding. When buying flagstone-plastushka, you need to take 5-10% more in order to have enough for fitting.
• The color of the stone should be in harmony with the appearance of the house. The dark roof is natural sandstone with a red tint, the light one is a yellowish color. The cheapest is gray stone. Shades of red, green or blue will be more expensive.
• A thin stone - a centimeter and a half - is the most affordable of all.

Now, the procedure for working with natural stone. Given: a flat plinth, for the finishing of which sandstone 15 mm thick is suitable, which can be laid out on a cement mortar.

• It is necessary to prepare the surface where it is planned to lay the stone: we remove the influx of cement in the seams, and prime the wall with concrete contact, applying it with a roller or brush.
• Selection of pieces of limestone with a flat side, which will be attached to the cement. Applying cement to the wall. Instead of cement, you can take tile glue.
• Tightly glue the stone to the base and the neighboring stone. We tap so that air comes out from under the flagstone.
• We select the next piece, chipping off the excess if necessary. We glue, trying to get into the level with the previous one.
• Stone cladding resembles the collection of mosaics. On the way to horizontal or vertical lines, we saw off stones that are not included in the horizon.
• We fill the holes between large stones with small parts, fill and clean the seams before the mortar dries.
• We cover the finished dried surface with varnish, protect it with a visor over the base so that rain does not destroy the material.