How to make a USB fan using improvised materials. Eternal wind fan Homemade impellers

Nowadays it is impossible to imagine the hot season without a fan. At this time, it is important large models, and small ones. But, unfortunately, the latter are many times more expensive, and you won’t find them in every store. suitable model. Don't rush to shell out money - there is a way out!

In this article we will give you some ideas on how to make a fan with your own hands at home. This process is quite exciting, so it will be possible to involve teenage children in it.

Cooler fan

This is the easiest way to make a home fan. To make it we will need a cooler from an old computer. This part itself is already operational; all we have to do is connect it to the wire correctly.

If the future fan will be located in close proximity to the computer, then a standard USB cable will be suitable as a wire. We cut off the unnecessary edge of the cord with a small connector and strip the wires. We clean the wires at the cooler in the same way.

Sometimes there are more than two wires in the cooler and USB cable, remember, we need the black and red color of two wires in one and the other element. We don't need the rest.

After stripping, we connect the red wire to the red, the black to the black, the connections must be properly insulated. After insulation, the fan is already fully functional, all that remains is to come up with a solution for it original stand to your taste and stick it to the cooler. All! The device is ready!

The speed of the cooler is quite high, so you can safely use it as a fan for drying your hands.

Disc construction

This device is more complex than one made from a cooler. To make it, we need a motor with a protruding iron rod. These motors can be taken from an old toy, VCR or player (the latter option is the most suitable, because the player has a standard attachment for a disc). We connect the motor with the wires using the above method.

We cut the disk into eight future blades; when cutting, we do not reach the end of the inner edge. Lightly heat the disk to soften it and bend the blades like a regular fan. Instead of a disk, you can use a plastic bottle.

We insert a bottle cap into the center of the blades; the cap will be the connector between the motor and the blades. If the insert turns out to be too big, carefully cut it with a knife.

Having connected all the parts, we complement the finished structure with a stable stand. You can use a roll sleeve for this. toilet paper and a second whole disk, which will serve as a common support.

To fasten the parts to each other there will be better use high-quality glue so that in the future the structure will last a long time and not fall apart.

Fan made from two plastic bottles

This design is more complex and requires a more serious approach to manufacturing. Result - great way make a kind of table or floor fan with your own hands.

For production we will need:

two bottles of different sizes - 0.5 and 1.5 liters;
small motor type 12 V DC;
7 thick drinking straws;
power supply and connector to it;
CD disk;
hot glue and superglue;
switch;
plastic ties.

Accessories:

marker;
scissors or knife;
insulating tape;
soldering iron;
wire cutters

From a smaller bottle we cut blades, as indicated above. Make a hole in the center of the cork with a hot awl or nail. We put the cover on the engine and fix everything with hot glue.

We are building a stand. We firmly glue the drinking straws together with superglue - this is our future stand. From the second bottle, cut out the top part and insert glued tubes to the middle of its length, not forgetting to secure the connection with superglue.

We install the engine with blades on a stand made of tubes, additionally again coating everything with hot glue. We hide the wires in tubes, so they end up inside the rack. We fasten the engine structure and the rack with plastic ties, gluing them along the tubes with hot glue and cutting off the remaining excess edges.

We cut holes in the bottom of the rack for the power supply connector and switch. We connect them, not forgetting about good insulation. We attach everything to the plastic with hot glue.

To make the base heavier and more stable, we construct a bottom from a disk. To do this, simply glue the disk with the edges of the plastic bottle using hot glue.

We connect the power supply to the connector, and voila - the fan is ready to work!

What to do if the household fan does not work?

So, we already know how to make a fan ourselves. But in your household there is probably a faulty factory fan. Design similar products It’s not complicated (you can use the instructions), so for those who are especially curious, the final topic of the article will be repairing a floor fan at home.

Causes of malfunction

We list the main problems in which the device does not work and possible ways their elimination.

The unit does not turn on. If the light is on, but the device does not turn on, then the possible reason is that the buttons are broken. If the light does not light up, then the reason is most likely in the cord or plug.

Weak rotation of the blades is a signal of insufficient lubrication of the bearing inside the engine.

The fan has stopped rotating left and right. It's all about the crank; its mounting screws can become loose or unscrewed.

Humming and no rotation. There are three possible causes of failure - lack of lubrication on the bearings, a broken capacitor or electric motor.

Photos of DIY fans

Installing a fan is a sensitive issue. Before making a fan with your own hands, you need to determine its installation location. The fact is that in the manufacture of structures today two types of engines are used:

collector;
asynchronous.

During operation, collector units emit a lot of noise, and when it switches, a spark occurs. In addition, the movement of the brushes also makes a lot of noise.

Asynchronous motors, which are equipped with a squirrel-cage rotor, are the exact opposite. At self-production For fans, you can use an element from the refrigerator as a starting relay.

Fan Manufacturing Principles

When making a fan yourself, you need to take into account some aspects, the most important of which is noise. To get an idea of the work commutator motor, you just need to remember how the Cyclone vacuum cleaner works, its volume is about 70 dB. Based on this, you should consider whether to use such an engine or not. In this regard, it is most realistic to use an asynchronous motor; moreover, when making the simplest fan model, a starting winding is not required. And its power is small, and the secondary EMF is induced by the field from the stator.

The drum in an asynchronous motor has a squirrel-cage rotor with cut copper conductors along the generatrix, passing at an angle relative to the axis. It is this slope that determines the direction of rotation of the rotor in the engine. Copper conductors are not insulated from the drum material, since they have conductivity exceeding surrounding material, and the potential difference between adjacent cores is small. And due to this, a current flows through the copper. The stator and rotor are not connected to each other by contacts, and therefore no spark occurs, since the wire is covered with varnish insulation. That's why the noise asynchronous motor determined by the following factors:

ratio of stator and rotor;
quality of bearing elements.

At correct setting With an asynchronous motor, silent operation of the motor can be achieved. Well, if we are talking about how to properly make a duct fan with your own hands, then you can allow the installation of a commutator motor, but taking into account where the section will be located.

The duct fan is installed in the air duct section itself and is located in the center of the duct. For this reason, when a fan is installed in an air duct, noise does not play a special role, since sound wave, while the channel passes, it fades.

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To make a fan yourself, you need to purchase a model of a kitchen or bathroom fan, the one that is mounted to the hood. The box from under it will also come in handy, and you will also need:

scissors;
net;
glue or tape.

Fan installation diagram.

The structure will be powered from the network, but will consume little electricity. To begin with, take a box and make a through hole in it. The design of the fan for cylindrical hoods will also be the basis for the shape of the hole.

Subsequently, a fan will be installed in this hole. The hole is cut with a smaller diameter than the structure itself in order to make it more stable and safe. An opening is made on the side of the bottom of the box to allow the cord to exit. To prevent the fan from dangling in the box, you can place cardboard scraps in it and secure it with electrical tape. For safety, a protective mesh is installed on the front part where the blades are located. The denser the mesh in the mesh, the less likely it is to get caught by the blades. Manufacturing homemade fan does not require large expenses, and if you decorate the box, you can get additional element interior arrangement.

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USB fans: features

Such a model will not be easy to make. This is an excellent option for individual cooling when working on a computer. Such a device is obtained with sufficient power, and the energy consumption is not much more. To construct this design you will need:

a couple of CDs for the computer;
cord with USB plug;
wires;
an old motor, the kind usually installed on children's toys;
wine stopper;
cylindrical cardboard;
glue and scissors.

First of all, the disk is cut into blades. The power of the air flow depends on the presence of blades; the more there are, the stronger the blowing will be, but the segments themselves should not be small.

Only one disc is cut, the second will be used as a stand.

To bend the blades, they are heated over a small flame and bent forward at an angle.

They should be turned in one direction. When the disk with blades is ready, a plug is inserted into its center and a hole is made in it.

In order to make the wire usable, the outer winding is removed from one end of the USB cord, under which there are 4 wires. The paired ones can be separated, connected to the motor and insulated.

The weather is getting warmer outside, it's time to think about ventilation. In this episode Roman Ursu will do bladeless fan. You can easily repeat this product with your own hands. Four pieces of cardboard are used in the product. The width must match the width of the cooler. 120 mm. A switch and power connector are built into the housing. Let's take the dimensions and make a hole according to the required diameter. You will also need a 12-volt power supply for a cooler that consumes 0.25 m. The unit is 2 amperes, so that’s enough. Upper part The Dyson fan is cylindrical in shape. This means that we draw two circles with a diameter of 15 cm. One of them is 11 cm, the other is 12 cm. To ensure that the parts stick well to the base, we take one of the walls, apply the parts, draw a line and cut them off. Now, to form the cylinders, you will need three segments with the following dimensions: 12 x 74, 12 x 82, 15 x 86 cm. We will figure out what and where to glue at the assembly stage. Let's make cuts in each wall. These will be the air channels. They look like nice legs.

Let's start assembling a beautiful bladeless fan, placing the courier in the middle. We glue each wall one by one. The wires can be removed as shown in the video. It would be nice to figure out the connection. We use a switch, so we separate one of the wires and form a circuit. The wires go to the power connector, black to minus, red to plus.

You need to connect all the previously prepared parts with your own hands. Take a ring with an internal diameter of 11 cm. It will be in front. And the segment is 12x74. We connect as in the video.

We repeat the same with the second ring and the 12 x 82 blank. To keep the rings fixed and stable, we use five small strength partitions. The length is just under 12 cm. All that remains is to close the structure.

We use the last piece of 15 x 86 cm.

Finally, we make it beautiful, remove excess glue, and cover it with paint. In general, the bladeless fan is ready.

There's a lot ahead useful homemade products, we are waiting for the warm sun to shoot the next video and show it on the channel.

It is very hot in the southern regions; nothing will prevent you from acquiring such a “super-powerful” portable fan.

You can take an 18-volt electric drill motor, an RC airplane propeller, and a laptop battery. 4 volts is the best option, and it’s not too noisy during operation. At 12 volts, the device will be super powerful, loud, and will "rattle" (via vibration) on the table.

Required components
The motor and batteries are the most expensive parts. You can buy a cheap used drill with a bad battery and just use the motor. Used laptop batteries usually have 6 cells and will not work if one cell is dead. You can buy these batteries for next to nothing and take the working cells to make a powerful battery (http://www.instructables.com/id/Free-lithium-Ion-Battery-Pack).

Required parts:

electric motor DC electric drills;
laptop battery;
plastic fan blades;
1/8" plywood;
plywood and 2x1" blocks for engine mounting;
switch (in our case 2P2T switch for 2 speeds); - electrical cable.

Checking the engine and batteries
Secure the motor and fan to something solid.
You can try applying different voltages to it to adjust the desired wind strength. In our case, for a 4-volt battery, the ideal current was 1.5A. An 8-volt battery for good power corresponds to a current of 3A.
Use 4 batteries, 4 parallel 4V and 2 sets of 2 parallel 8V batteries. So on low power They will last about 5 hours, and on high power for about 1.5 hours.
Connect the 2P2T wires with a switch to switch between series and parallel circuits.

Creating an air duct and mounting the engine
First, glue the 2x1” pieces together to form a T. Measure the pieces to give the propeller about a half inch of clearance on each side.
After gluing the bars, round their edges to make them streamlined.
To mount the engine, cut 2 triangles out of wood. Soak a piece of 1/8" plywood in water, then bend it and let it dry. You can cut 3 3.5" strips of wood grain perpendicular to the piece to make it easier to bend. Use timbers held together in a T as a base and cover it with 3 pieces of plywood, overlapping the joints and leaving one joint. Then glue the 3 ends of the T to the duct plywood. It is also important to try on the engine mount to make sure there is enough clearance.
Then cut two pieces of 1/4" plywood about 4.5 x 1.5 to form the duct support at the top. Glue these supports to the duct and to the "T".

Glue a piece of wood to the "T" to stop the motor from sliding backwards as the motor pushes the air forward and the motor then pushes back.
To secure the motor from below, you can use 2 zip ties.

Battery layout
Use a 6-cell laptop battery to power the fan. For a bicycle fan in motion, you need a 12V fan. As a desk fan, 4V or 8V is more than enough.

Wires to the motor
Solder two 14 gauge wires to the motor. Insulate with electrical tape. To prevent wires from getting caught in the blades, secure them to the fan support.

Testing
Power the motor in parallel with 2 sets of 3 combined cells. The voltage should be about 11.8 V. Even the multimeter should show 3.38 A. The multimeter has some resistance, so the current is actually about 4A. More than 47 W. This is already a very powerful little fan. At 16 V, this fan can already push a bike decently.

Installation of protection
The propeller rotates too quickly, so protection will need to be installed.
Using wire cutters, cut a circle from the large fan guard so that its radius is about half an inch larger than the duct. Loop the wire around the duct. Then hot glue the protection to the front and back.

Switch installation
Install the switch. The fan can now be turned on and off easily. You can use a 2T2P switch and get two rotation speeds.

Creating air flow with high density possible in several ways. One of the effective ones is a radial type fan or “snail”. It differs from others not only in shape, but also in its operating principle.

Fan device and design

Sometimes an impeller and a power unit are not enough to move air. In conditions of limited space, a special type of exhaust equipment design should be used. It has a spiral-shaped body that acts as an air channel. You can make it yourself or purchase it already finished model.

To form a flow, the design provides a radial impeller. It connects to the power unit. The wheel blades have a curved shape and create a discharged area when moving. Air (or gas) enters it from the inlet pipe. When moving along the spiral body, the speed at the outlet increases.

Depending on the application centrifugal fan snail maybe general purpose, heat-resistant or corrosion-resistant. It is also necessary to take into account the amount of air flow created:

low pressure. Scope of application: production workshops, household appliances. The air temperature should not exceed +80°C. Mandatory absence of aggressive environments;
average pressure value. It is part of exhaust equipment for removing or transporting small fraction materials, sawdust, grain;
high pressure. Forms an air flow into the fuel combustion zone. Installed in many types of boilers.

The direction of movement of the blades is determined by the design, and, in particular, by the location of the outlet pipe. If it is located on the left side, the rotor should rotate clockwise. The number of blades and their curvature are also taken into account.

For powerful models You need to make a reliable base with your own hands to secure the body. The industrial installation will vibrate strongly, which may lead to its gradual destruction.

Self-production

First of all, you need to decide functional purpose centrifugal fan. If it is necessary for ventilation of a certain part of the room or equipment, the housing can be made from scrap materials. To complete the boiler, you will need to use heat-resistant steel or make it from stainless steel sheets yourself.

First, the power is calculated and the set of components is determined. The best option the snail will be dismantled from old equipment - an extractor hood or a vacuum cleaner. The advantage of this manufacturing method is the exact match between the power of the power unit and the body parameters. A snail fan can be easily made with your own hands only for some applied purposes in a small home workshop. In other cases, it is recommended to purchase a ready-made model industrial type or take the old one from the car.

Procedure to make a centrifugal fan with your own hands.

Calculation overall dimensions. If the device will be installed in a confined space, special damper pads are provided to compensate for vibration.
Manufacturing of the body. In the absence of finished design You can use plastic sheets, steel or plywood. In the latter case special attention is given to sealing joints.
Installation diagram of the power unit. It rotates the blades, so you need to choose the type of drive. For small structures, a shaft is used to connect the motor gearbox to the rotor. In powerful installations, a belt type drive is used.
Fastening elements. If the fan is installed on the outer casing of, for example, a boiler, mounting U-shaped plates are made. With significant power, it will be necessary to make a reliable and massive base.

This general scheme, which can be used to make a functional exhaust centrifugal unit with your own hands. It may change depending on the availability of components. It is important to comply with the requirements for sealing the housing, as well as to ensure reliable protection of the power unit from possible clogging with dust and debris.

The fan will make a lot of noise during operation. Reducing this will be problematic, since vibration of the housing during the movement of air flows is almost impossible to compensate with your own hands. This is especially true for models made of metal and plastic. Wood can partially reduce background noise, but at the same time it has a short service life.

In the video you can see the process of manufacturing a case from PVC sheets:

Review and comparison of production ready models

Considering radial fan snail, it is necessary to take into account the material of manufacture: cast aluminum body, sheet or stainless steel. A model is selected based on specific needs; consider an example of serial models in a cast case.